National Debt (% of GDP): Bosnia and Herzegovina

Analysis# Bosnia and Herzegovina National Debt (% of GDP) Bosnia and Herzegovina's national debt stands at 31.6% of GDP in 2026, well below its catastrophic 1999 peak of 56% but elevated from the 18.2% low recorded in 2007. Since 1998, the country has reduced its debt burden by 41.9%, reflecting substantial fiscal consolidation over nearly three decades despite the severe challenges of the 1990s conflict aftermath. The most dramatic improvement occurred between 1999 and 2007, when debt fell 37.8 percentage points. Recent years show volatility: a spike to 37.2% in 2020 during the pandemic was followed by steady decline through 2023 (29%), though projections indicate a gradual uptick returning to 31.6% by 2026. The country's debt trajectory suggests stabilization at moderate levels rather than continued reduction.