Historical Figures
540 detailed profiles of the most influential people in history.
A
A. H. TammsaareEstonia
1878–1940Aage BohrDenmark
1922–2009Aaron NimzovichDenmark
1886–1935Abd al-Aziz BoutafliqaAlgeria
1937–2021Abd al-Qadir ibn SalehAlgeria
1941–2021Abdul Ghaffar KhanAfghanistan
1890–1988Abdur Rahman KhanAfghanistan
1844–1901Abebe BikilaEthiopia
1932–1973Abulfaz ElchibeyAzerbaijan
1938–2000Adolf HitlerAustria
1889–1945Ahmad ibn BillahAlgeria
1916–2012Ahmadou AhidjoCameroon
1924–1989Akbar KhanAfghanistan
1816–1845Akhtar MansourAfghanistan
1968–2016Alain DelonFrance
1935–2024Albert BanduraCanada
1925–2021Albert CamusFrance
1913–1960Albert EinsteinGermany
1879–1955Albert MemmiFrance
1920–2020Albert SchweitzerFrance
1875–1965Alberto KordaCuba
1928–2001Alberto SpencerEcuador
1937–2006Alejo CarpanterCuba
1904–1980Aleksandr MedvedBelarus
1937–2024Alexander Graham BellCanada
1847–1922Alexandra of DenmarkDenmark
1844–1925Alexandre DumasFrance
1802–1870Alexis de TocquevilleFrance
1805–1859Alfred AdlerAustria
1870–1937Alfred DeakinAustralia
1856–1919Alfredo Di StéfanoArgentina
1926–2014Alfredo Ovando CandíaBolivia
1918–1982Ali Akbar KhanBangladesh
1922–2009Alice MunroCanada
1931–2024Alija IzetbegovićBosnia And Herzegovina
1925–2003Alvar AaltoFinland
1898–1976Amanullah KhanAfghanistan
1892–1960Anaïs NinFrance
1903–1977Anatole FranceFrance
1844–1924Anatoliy BanishevskiyAzerbaijan
1946–1997André GideFrance
1869–1951André-Marie AmpèreFrance
1775–1836Andrés de Santa CruzBolivia
1792–1865Andranik MargaryanArmenia
1951–2007Ang DuongCambodia
1796–1860Anna KarinaDenmark
1940–2019Anne of DenmarkDenmark
1574–1619Ante MarkovićBosnia And Herzegovina
1924–2011Antoine de Saint-ExupéryFrance
1900–1944Antoine LavoisierFrance
1743–1794Anvar ChingizoghluAzerbaijan
1962–2022Anwar SadatEgypt
1918–1981Aristotle OnassisArgentina
1906–1975Armando Calderón SolEl Salvador
1948–2017Armen DzhigarkhanyanArmenia
1935–2020Arnold RüütelEstonia
1928–2024Arnold SchoenbergAustria
1874–1951Arthur RimbaudFrance
1854–1891Artturi Ilmari VirtanenFinland
1895–1973Assia DjebarFrance
1936–2015Asta NielsenDenmark
1881–1972August KroghDenmark
1874–1949Auguste ComteFrance
1798–1857Auguste RodinFrance
1840–1917Augusto PinochetChile
1915–2006Ayaz MutallibovAzerbaijan
1938–2022Ayman al-ZawahiriEgypt
1951–2022Ayrton SennaBrazil
1960–1994Azzedine AlaïaFrance
1935–2017B
Baba VangaBulgaria
1911–1996Ben Roy MottelsonDenmark
1926–2022Bent LarsenDenmark
1935–2010Bernardo O'HigginsChile
1778–1842Bertel ThorvaldsenDenmark
1770–1844Bertolt BrechtGermany
1898–1956Betti AlverEstonia
1906–1989Billy HughesAustralia
1862–1952Bob HawkeAustralia
1929–2019Bogaletch GebreEthiopia
1960–2019Bohumil HrabalCzech Republic
1914–1997Bon ScottAustralia
1946–1980Boris ChristoffBulgaria
1918–1993Boris III of BulgariaBulgaria
1894–1943Boutros Boutros-GhaliEgypt
1922–2016Brian MulroneyCanada
1939–2024Brigitte BardotFrance
1934–2025Bujar NishaniAlbania
1966–2022Burhanuddin RabbaniAfghanistan
1940–2011C
Camille PissarroDenmark
1830–1903Camilo CienfuegosCuba
1932–1959Carl Gustaf Emil MannerheimFinland
1867–1951Carl Theodor DreyerDenmark
1889–1968Carlos Humberto RomeroEl Salvador
1924–2017Carlos MenemArgentina
1930–2021Carmen MirandaBrazil
1909–1955Catherine O'HaraCanada
1954–2026Celia CruzCuba
1925–2003Charles AznavourArmenia
1924–2018Charles BaudelaireFrance
1821–1867Charles de GaulleFrance
1890–1970Che GuevaraArgentina
1928–1967Chen-ning YangChina
1922–2025Chiang Kai-shekChina
1887–1975Chien-Shiung WuChina
1912–1997Christian BenítezEcuador
1986–2013Christian I of DenmarkDenmark
1426–1481Christian IV of DenmarkDenmark
1577–1648Christian IX of DenmarkDenmark
1818–1906Christian VIII of DenmarkDenmark
1786–1848Christian Wiyghan TumiCameroon
1930–2021Christian X of DenmarkDenmark
1870–1947Christopher PlummerCanada
1929–2021Claribel Alegría VidesEl Salvador
1924–2018Claude DebussyFrance
1862–1918Claude Lévi-StraussFrance
1908–2009Claude MonetFrance
1840–1926Claudia CardinaleFrance
1938–2025Cnut the GreatDenmark
994–1035Coco ChanelFrance
1883–1971Conrad BainCanada
1923–2013Constantine II of GreeceDenmark
1940–2023D
DalidaEgypt
1933–1987Daniel Salamanca UreyBolivia
1869–1935David IV of GeorgiaGeorgia
1073–1125David PadillaBolivia
1927–2016Deng XiaopingChina
1904–1997Diego MaradonaArgentina
1960–2020Dietrich BuxtehudeDenmark
1637–1707Dith PranCambodia
1942–2008Djivan GasparyanArmenia
1928–2021Don BradmanAustralia
1908–2001Donald SutherlandCanada
1935–2024Dražen PetrovićCroatia
1964–1993Dubravka UgrešićCroatia
1949–2023E
Edgar de WahlEstonia
1867–1948Edgar DegasFrance
1834–1917Edmund BartonAustralia
1849–1920Eduard ShevardnadzeGeorgia
1928–2014Eileen ChangChina
1921–1995Ejnar HertzsprungDenmark
1873–1967Elias CanettiBulgaria
1905–1994Emil NoldeDenmark
1867–1956Emil ZátopekCzech Republic
1922–2000Emma GoldmanFrance
1869–1940Enrique HertzogBolivia
1897–1981Enrique PeñarandaBolivia
1893–1969Eric of PomeraniaDenmark
1381–1459Ernesto SabatoArgentina
1911–2011Ernst BlochCzech Republic
1885–1977Ernst ÖpikEstonia
1893–1985Errol FlynnAustralia
1909–1959Erving GoffmanCanada
1922–1982Erwin SchrödingerAustria
1887–1961Eugène DelacroixFrance
1798–1863Eugenio CoșeriuBangladesh
1921–2002Eva PerónArgentina
1919–1952É
F
Farabundo MartíEl Salvador
1893–1932Fatos NanoAlbania
1952–2025Fazlur KhanBangladesh
1929–1982Ferdinand I of BulgariaBulgaria
1861–1948Ferhat AbbasAlgeria
1899–1985Fernando BoteroColombia
1932–2023Fidel CastroCuba
1926–2016Frédéric ChopinFrance
1810–1849Frédéric MistralFrance
1830–1914Frédéric MitterrandFrance
1947–2024François MauriacFrance
1885–1970François MitterrandFrance
1916–1996Francisco FloresEl Salvador
1959–2016Francisco MorazánEl Salvador
1792–1842Franjo TuđmanCroatia
1922–1999Frank GehryCanada
1929–2025Frank Macfarlane BurnetAustralia
1899–1985Frans Eemil SillanpääFinland
1888–1964Frederick BantingCanada
1891–1941Frederick V of DenmarkDenmark
1723–1766Frederick VI of DenmarkDenmark
1768–1839Frederick VII of DenmarkDenmark
1808–1863Frederik IX of DenmarkDenmark
1899–1972Frederik VIII of DenmarkDenmark
1843–1912Fredrik BajerDenmark
1837–1922Friedrich HayekAustria
1899–1992Fulgencio BatistaCuba
1901–1973G
Gabriel García MárquezColombia
1927–2014Gabriela MistralChile
1889–1957GarrinchaBrazil
1933–1983Georg BrandesDenmark
1842–1927George A. RomeroCanada
1940–2017George I of GreeceDenmark
1845–1913George OrwellFrance
1903–1950George SandFrance
1804–1876Georges CharpakFrance
1924–2010Georges PompidouFrance
1911–1974Georges SimenonBelgium
1903–1989Germán BuschBolivia
1903–1939Getúlio VargasBrazil
1882–1954Girma Wolde-GiorgisEthiopia
1924–2018Gisèle HalimiFrance
1927–2020Giuseppe GaribaldiFrance
1807–1882Giya KancheliGeorgia
1935–2019Gohar GasparyanArmenia
1924–2007Gough WhitlamAustralia
1916–2014Gualberto VillarroelBolivia
1908–1946Gustave FlaubertFrance
1821–1880Gustavo NoboaEcuador
1937–2021Guy de MaupassantFrance
1850–1893H
Haakon VII of NorwayDenmark
1872–1957Habibullāh KalakāniAfghanistan
1890–1929Habibullah KhanAfghanistan
1872–1919Haing S. NgorCambodia
1940–1996Hans Christian AndersenDenmark
1805–1875Hans Christian ØrstedDenmark
1777–1851Harald BluetoothDenmark
911–985Harold HoltAustralia
1908–1967HarthacanuteDenmark
1018–1042Hawwari BumadianAlgeria
1932–1978Heath LedgerAustralia
1979–2008Hebe CamargoBrazil
1929–2012Hector BerliozFrance
1803–1869Heinrich HeineFrance
1797–1856Henri BecquerelFrance
1852–1908Henri BergsonFrance
1859–1941Henri MatisseFrance
1869–1954Henri PoincaréFrance
1854–1912Henrik DamDenmark
1895–1976Henrik PontoppidanDenmark
1857–1943Henrik, Prince Consort of DenmarkDenmark
1934–2018Hernán Siles ZuazoBolivia
1914–1996Heydar AlievAzerbaijan
1923–2003Honoré de BalzacFrance
1799–1850Hosni MubarakEgypt
1928–2020Howard FloreyAustralia
1898–1968Hristo BotevBulgaria
1848–1876Hua GuofengChina
1921–2008Huang XianfanChina
1899–1982Hugo BanzerBolivia
1926–2002Hussain Muhammad ErshadBangladesh
1930–2019I
I. M. PeiChina
1917–2019Iajuddin AhmedBangladesh
1931–2012Ieng SaryCambodia
1925–2013Ieng ThirithCambodia
1932–2015Igor StravinskyFrance
1882–1971Inayatullah KhanAfghanistan
1888–1946Inge LehmannDenmark
1888–1993Irène Joliot-CurieFrance
1897–1956Ismail KadareAlbania
1936–2024Ismail KemalAlbania
1844–1919Ivan BuninFrance
1870–1953Ivan VazovBulgaria
1850–1921Ivana TrumpCzech Republic
1949–2022Ivica OsimBosnia And Herzegovina
1941–2022Iyasu VEthiopia
1895–1935J
Jack BrabhamAustralia
1926–2014Jacques BrelBelgium
1929–1978Jacques ChiracFrance
1932–2019Jamal al-Din al-AfghaniAfghanistan
1839–1897James JoyceFrance
1882–1941James NaismithCanada
1861–1939Jana NovotnáCzech Republic
1968–2017Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresFrance
1780–1867Jean CocteauFrance
1889–1963Jean de La FontaineFrance
1621–1695Jean-Paul SartreFrance
1905–1980Jean SibeliusFinland
1865–1957Jens Christian SkouDenmark
1918–2018Jiang ZeminChina
1926–2022Joaquín BalaguerDominican Republic
1906–2002Johannes AavikEstonia
1880–1973Johannes V. JensenDenmark
1873–1950John A. MacdonaldCanada
1815–1891John CornforthAustralia
1917–2013John EcclesAustralia
1903–1997John Kenneth GalbraithCanada
1908–2006John, King of DenmarkDenmark
1455–1513Jorge AmadoBrazil
1912–2001Jorge Luis BorgesArgentina
1899–1986Jorge Rafael VidelaArgentina
1925–2013José BalliviánBolivia
1805–1852José de San MartínArgentina
1778–1850José Figueres FerrerCosta Rica
1906–1990José Manuel PandoBolivia
1849–1917José María Castro MadrizCosta Rica
1818–1892José María Velasco IbarraEcuador
1893–1979José MartíCuba
1853–1895José Napoleón DuarteEl Salvador
1925–1990José Raúl CapablancaCuba
1888–1942Joseph FourierFrance
1768–1830Juan BoschDominican Republic
1909–2001Juan GelmanArgentina
1930–2014Juan José TorresBolivia
1920–1976Juan Lindo y ZelayaEl Salvador
1790–1857Juan Manuel FangioArgentina
1911–1995Juan Pablo DuarteDominican Republic
1813–1876Juan PerónArgentina
1895–1974Juho Kusti PaasikiviFinland
1870–1956Jules VerneFrance
1828–1905Julio Cortázar pemArgentina
1914–1984Julio Terrazas SandovalBolivia
1936–2015Juri LotmanEstonia
1922–1993K
L
Landry NguémoCameroon
1985–2024Le CorbusierFrance
1887–1965León Febres-CorderoEcuador
1931–2008Lennart MeriEstonia
1929–2006Leonard CohenCanada
1934–2016Leopold I of BelgiumGermany
1790–1865Leopold II of BelgiumBelgium
1835–1909Leslie NielsenCanada
1926–2010Lester B. PearsonCanada
1897–1972Li KeqiangChina
1955–2023Lidia Gueiler TejadaBolivia
1921–2011Lili ElbeDenmark
1882–1931Lin YutangChina
1895–1976Lise MeitnerAustria
1878–1968Liu XiaoboChina
1955–2017Lon NolCambodia
1913–1985Louis PasteurFrance
1822–1895Louis XVI of FranceFrance
1754–1793Lucy Maud MontgomeryCanada
1874–1942Ludvig HolbergDenmark
1684–1754Ludwig WittgensteinAustria
1889–1951Luis Adolfo Siles SalinasBolivia
1925–2005Luis García Meza TejadaBolivia
1929–2018Lusine ZakaryanArmenia
1937–1992M
Malcolm FraserAustralia
1930–2015Mamo WoldeEthiopia
1932–2002Manu DibangoCameroon
1933–2020Manuela SáenzEcuador
1797–1856Mao ZedongChina
1893–1976Marcel ProustFrance
1871–1922Marguerite YourcenarFrance
1903–1987Maria MontezDominican Republic
1912–1951Mariano MelgarejoBolivia
1820–1871Marie AntoinetteFrance
1755–1793Marie CurieFrance
1867–1934Marie UnderEstonia
1883–1980Mario Echandi JiménezCosta Rica
1915–2011Mario Vargas LlosaDominican Republic
1936–2025Marshall McLuhanCanada
1911–1980Martti AhtisaariFinland
1937–2023Mary PickfordCanada
1892–1979Matthew PerryCanada
1969–2023Mauno KoivistoFinland
1923–2017Maurice MaeterlinckBelgium
1862–1949Mauricio FunesEl Salvador
1959–2025Max ErnstCuba
1891–1976Maximiliano Hernández MartínezEl Salvador
1882–1966Maximilien RobespierreFrance
1758–1794Meles ZenawiEthiopia
1955–2012Menilek IIEthiopia
1844–1913Michel ButorFrance
1855–2022Michel FoucaultFrance
1926–1984Mika WaltariFinland
1908–1979Mikhail BakuninFrance
1814–1876Milan KunderaCzech Republic
1929–2023Miloš FormanCzech Republic
1932–2018Miriam MakebaAlgeria
1932–2008Miruts YifterEthiopia
1944–2016Modeste MbamiCameroon
1982–2023Mohamed AttaEgypt
1968–2001Mohamed BoudiafAlgeria
1919–1992Mohamed MorsiEgypt
1951–2019Mohamed NaguibEgypt
1901–1984Mohammad Ayub KhanAfghanistan
1857–1914Mohammad NajibullahAfghanistan
1947–1996Mohammed Daoud KhanAfghanistan
1909–1978Mohammed Nadir ShahAfghanistan
1883–1933Mohammed Zahir ShahAfghanistan
1914–2007Moshe ben MaimonEgypt
1138–1204Mother TeresaAlbania
1910–1997Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-AlbānīAlbania
1914–1999Muhammad FahimAfghanistan
1957–2014Muhammad of GhorAfghanistan
1144–1206Muslim MagomayevAzerbaijan
1942–2008N
Néstor KirchnerArgentina
1950–2010Naguib MahfouzEgypt
1911–2006NapoleonFrance
1769–1821Napoleon IIIFrance
1808–1873Nawal El SaadawiEgypt
1931–2021Negasso GidadaEthiopia
1943–2019Nicolas StenoDenmark
1638–1686Niels BohrDenmark
1885–1962Niels Ryberg FinsenDenmark
1860–1904Niko PirosmaniGeorgia
1862–1918Nikolaj Frederik Severin GrundtvigDenmark
1783–1872Nodar KumaritashviliGeorgia
1988–2010Norma ShearerCanada
1902–1983Norodom of CambodiaCambodia
1834–1904Norodom RanariddhCambodia
1944–2021Norodom SihanoukCambodia
1922–2012Norodom SuramaritCambodia
1896–1960Nuon CheaCambodia
1926–2019Nur Muhammad TarakiAfghanistan
1917–1979O
Octave MirbeauFrance
1848–1917Olav V of NorwayDenmark
1903–1991Ole RømerDenmark
1644–1710Olivia Newton-JohnAustralia
1948–2022Omar SharifEgypt
1932–2015Oscar NiemeyerBrazil
1907–2012Oscar WildeFrance
1854–1900Oskar KokoschkaAustria
1886–1980Osman HadiBangladesh
1993–2025Otto JespersenDenmark
1860–1943Otto von HabsburgCroatia
1912–2011Ó
P
P. L. TraversAustralia
1899–1996Paavo NurmiFinland
1897–1973Pablo EscobarColombia
1949–1993Pablo NerudaChile
1904–1973Patriarch Alexius IIEstonia
1929–2008Patrick EkengCameroon
1990–2016Patrick WhiteAustralia
1912–1990Paul CézanneFrance
1839–1906Paul CelanFrance
1920–1970Paul GauguinFrance
1848–1903Paul KeresEstonia
1916–1975Paul VerlaineFrance
1844–1896Pedro II of BrazilBrazil
1825–1891PeléBrazil
1940–2022Peter FinchAustralia
1916–1977Pierre-Auguste RenoirFrance
1841–1919Pierre CurieFrance
1859–1906Pierre de CoubertinFrance
1863–1937Pierre de FermatFrance
1607–1665Pierre-Joseph ProudhonFrance
1809–1865Pierre-Simon LaplaceFrance
1749–1827Pierre TrudeauCanada
1919–2000Pol PotCambodia
1925–1998Pope FrancisArgentina
1936–2025Prince Andrew of Greece and DenmarkDenmark
1882–1944Prudencia AyalaEl Salvador
1886–1936PuyiChina
1906–1967R
Rachid TahaAlgeria
1958–2018Rafael Orozco MaestreColombia
1954–1992Rafael TrujilloDominican Republic
1891–1961Rainer Maria RilkeAustria
1875–1926Ralph SteinmanCanada
1943–2011Ramiz AliaAlbania
1925–2011Raymond KopaFrance
1931–2017René DescartesFrance
1596–1650René Emilio Barrientos OrtuñoBolivia
1919–1969René MagritteBelgium
1898–1967Richard E. TaylorCanada
1929–2018Robin WarrenAustralia
1937–2024Rodrigo Borja CevallosEcuador
1935–2025Rodrigo Carazo OdioCosta Rica
1926–2009Romain RollandFrance
1866–1944Roque Dalton GarciaEl Salvador
1935–1975Rudolf SteinerAustria
1861–1925S
Søren KierkegaardDenmark
1813–1855Salvador AllendeChile
1908–1973Salvador Jorge BlancoDominican Republic
1926–2010Samuel BeckettFrance
1906–1989Sarah BernhardtFrance
1844–1923Sayyid QutbEgypt
1906–1966Sebastián PiñeraChile
1949–2024Sergei BagapshGeorgia
1949–2011Shadhli ibn JadidAlgeria
1929–2012Shah Shujah DurraniAfghanistan
1780–1842Shahabuddin AhmedBangladesh
1930–2022Sheikh Mujibur RahmanBangladesh
1920–1975Sibghatullah MojaddediAfghanistan
1925–2019Sidney AltmanCanada
1939–2022Sigmund FreudAustria
1856–1939Silva KaputikyanArmenia
1919–2006Simón BolívarBolivia
1783–1830Simo HäyhäFinland
1905–2002Simone de BeauvoirFrance
1908–1986Sisowath of CambodiaCambodia
1840–1927Sisowath Sirik MatakCambodia
1914–1975Sixto Durán-BallénEcuador
1921–2016Slobodan PraljakBosnia And Herzegovina
1945–2017Son SannCambodia
1911–2000Soraya TarziAfghanistan
1899–1968Stanisław ŠuškievičBelarus
1934–2022Stefan ZweigAustria
1881–1942StendhalFrance
1783–1842Steve IrwinAustralia
1962–2006Sully PrudhommeFrance
1839–1907Sweyn I of DenmarkDenmark
963–1014Syed Nazrul IslamBangladesh
1925–1975T
Tahir Teimurovitsch SalakhovAzerbaijan
1928–2021Tajuddin AhmadBangladesh
1925–1975Teófilo StevensonCuba
1952–2012Theodor W. AdornoAustria
1903–1969Thomas-Alexandre DumasFrance
1762–1806Thomas PaineFrance
1737–1809Todor ZhivkovBulgaria
1911–1998Tofiq BahramovAzerbaijan
1925–1993Tove JanssonFinland
1914–2001Tsung-Dao LeeChina
1926–2024Tycho BraheDenmark
1546–1601Tzvetan TodorovBulgaria
1939–2017U
V
Václav HavelCzech Republic
1936–2011Víctor JaraChile
1932–1973Víctor Paz EstenssoroBolivia
1907–2001Vakhtang KikabidzeGeorgia
1938–2023Valéry Giscard d'EstaingFrance
1926–2020Vasil BykaŭBelarus
1924–2003Vazgen SargsyanArmenia
1959–1999Vere Gordon ChildeAustralia
1892–1957Viačasław KiebičBelarus
1936–2020Victor AmbartsumianArmenia
1908–1996Victor HugoFrance
1802–1885Vitus BeringDenmark
1681–1741VoltaireFrance
1694–1778Vugar HashimovAzerbaijan
1986–2014