HistoryData
disaster1717

The Guatemalan earthquake of 1717 that destroyed much of the Guatemalan architecture and many buildings.

January 1, 1717

The 1717 Guatemala earthquake destroyed over 3,000 buildings in Antigua Guatemala and ultimately triggered the relocation of the colonial capital to modern Guatemala City.

Quick Facts

Year
1717
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Date
September 29, 1717
Moment Magnitude
7.4 Mw
Mercalli Intensity
IX (Violent)
Buildings Destroyed
Over 3,000 buildings
Capital Relocated
1776, to Valle de la Ermita

By the Numbers

291,717
Date
7.4Mw
Moment Magnitude
3,000buildings
Buildings Destroyed
1,776
Capital Relocated

Location

Map of Antigua Guatemala, GuatemalaMap of Antigua Guatemala, GuatemalaAntigua Guatemala, Guatemala

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Colonial Antigua Guatemala, serving as the capital of Central America, was situated in a seismically active region of Central America prone to significant tectonic activity. The area's geology made it vulnerable to powerful earthquakes, and on September 29, 1717, a major seismic event struck the region.

Event

The earthquake registered an estimated moment magnitude of 7.4 and Mercalli intensity of approximately IX (Violent), devastating Antigua Guatemala. More than 3,000 buildings were destroyed, including numerous temples and churches, effectively dismantling much of the colonial capital's architectural fabric.

Consequence

The scale of destruction prompted authorities to consider relocating the capital to a less disaster-prone area. After further earthquakes, including the 1773 Santa Marta earthquakes, the Spanish Crown ordered the capital moved in 1776 to Valle de la Ermita, the site of present-day Guatemala City.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17171717171417151716171817191720December 1717 North Sea storm1717 battle during the Austro-Turkish war1717 treaty between the Netherlands, France, and Britain1717-guatemala-earthquake-1717