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politics1940

1940 United States presidential election — 39th quadrennial U.S. presidential election

November 5, 1940

Roosevelt won an unprecedented third presidential term, defeating Willkie amid World War II in Europe and the tail end of the Great Depression.

Quick Facts

Year
1940
Category
politics

Key Facts

Election date
November 5, 1940
Winning ticket
Franklin D. Roosevelt & Henry Wallace (Democratic)
Losing ticket
Wendell Willkie & Charles McNary (Republican)
Term won
Third presidential term (unprecedented at the time)
Consecutive wins for party
Three consecutive Democratic presidential victories
Election number
39th quadrennial U.S. presidential election

Location

United States

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

With World War II escalating in Europe and the United States still recovering from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt — initially reluctant — chose to seek a third term. Isolationist sentiment was strong domestically, and Roosevelt had to navigate challenges from within his own party, including from Vice President John Nance Garner and James Farley, before securing renomination.

Event

On November 5, 1940, Roosevelt and his new running mate, Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace, faced Republican dark horse Wendell Willkie and Senator Charles McNary. Roosevelt promised no involvement in foreign wars, while Willkie campaigned on New Deal inefficiency, the two-term tradition, and alleged warmongering. Roosevelt led in all pre-election polls and won a comfortable, if less decisive than prior elections, victory.

Consequence

Roosevelt's win made him the first and only U.S. president elected to a third term, a record that prompted the eventual passage of the Twenty-Second Amendment limiting presidents to two terms. It also marked the last time until 1988 that the incumbent party won three consecutive presidential elections, and kept Roosevelt in office to lead the country through much of World War II.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Roosevelt (Democratic) defeated Willkie (Republican), winning an unprecedented third presidential term.

Before

Franklin D. Roosevelt in second term as President

After

Franklin D. Roosevelt elected to third term as President with Henry Wallace as Vice President

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19401940193719381939194119421943The Holocaust in Poland — genocide of Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland during World War IISecond and final stage of the 1947–1949 Palestine war1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine — civil war between the Jewish and Arab communities of Palestine which is the first phase of the 1948 Palestine WarKatyn massacre — Soviet mass murder of ca. 22,000 Poles in several parts of European Russia, including in the Katyn forest, which became a pars pro toto name for the whole massacreOperation Weserübung — 1940 code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War1940s — decade of the Gregorian calendar (1940–1949)Battle of Britain — air battle waged between German and British air forces in 1940First war of the Arab–Israeli conflict1940-united-states-presidential-election-39th-quadrennial-1940