HistoryData
disaster1994

Earthquake in Bolivia

June 9, 1994

At magnitude 8.2 and 647 km depth, this was the largest deep-focus earthquake ever recorded at the time and remains the largest in South America.

Quick Facts

Year
1994
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Magnitude
8.2 Mw
Focal depth (Harvard CMT)
647 km km
Focal depth (USGS)
631.3 km km
Distance from Reyes
55 km NNW km
Date and time
June 8, 1994, 20:33 local time

By the Numbers

8.2
Magnitude
647km
Focal depth (Harvard CMT)
631.3km
Focal depth (USGS)
55km
Distance from Reyes

Location

Map of Reyes, BoliviaMap of Reyes, BoliviaReyes, Bolivia

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Deep-focus earthquakes of this type occur at subduction zones where a tectonic plate descends into the mantle at extreme depths. The Nazca Plate subducting beneath South America produces seismic activity hundreds of kilometres below the surface, where unusual stress conditions allow ruptures of exceptional magnitude.

Event

On June 8, 1994, an earthquake of magnitude 8.2 Mw struck beneath the Amazon jungle of Bolivia, approximately 55 km NNW of Reyes, at a focal depth exceeding 630 km. Its epicenter lay in a sparsely populated region, and it was recorded as the largest earthquake globally since the 1977 Sumba earthquake.

Consequence

The earthquake was later surpassed in magnitude within four months by an 8.3 Mw event in the Kuril Islands. It remains tied with the 2018 Fiji earthquake as the second-largest deep-focus earthquake ever recorded, behind the 2013 Sea of Okhotsk earthquake, and retains the record as the largest deep-focus earthquake in South America.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199419941991199219931995199619971994 European Men's Handball Championship — 1994 edition of the European Men's Handball ChampionshipNorth Korean famine — famine in North Korea from collapse of Soviet aid environmental & infrastructure conditions and corruption1994 Genocide against Tutsi — 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda in which 800,000 were killed1994 Asian Games — 12th edition of the Asian Games1994–95 UEFA Cup — 24th season of Europe's tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFA1994 African Cup of Nations — football tournamentEurovision Song Contest 1994 — 39th edition of Eurovision Song Contest1994 Formula One World Championship — sports season1994-bolivia-earthquake-1994