HistoryData
war1799

1799 naval engagement of the French Revolutionary Wars

June 18, 1799

A 28-hour running battle off Toulon forced French frigates to surrender to an overwhelmingly superior British fleet during the War of the Second Coalition.

Quick Facts

Year
1799
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
18 June 1799
Duration
28 hours
British fleet size
30 ships
Detached British ships
3 ships of the line and 2 frigates
French commander
Counter-admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée
British commander
Lord Keith

By the Numbers

18
Date
28
Duration
30
British fleet size
3
Detached British ships

Location

Map of Toulon, FranceMap of Toulon, FranceToulon, France

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Mediterranean campaign of 1798 and the subsequent War of the Second Coalition, a French frigate squadron under Counter-admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée was returning to Toulon from Syria when it encountered a large British fleet of 30 ships under Lord Keith operating in the same waters.

Event

Three British ships of the line and two frigates were detached from Keith's main fleet to pursue Perrée's squadron, leading to a 28-hour running battle off Toulon. The British ships gradually overhauled the French force, whose frigates and brigs were outmatched by their opponents' greatly superior firepower and numbers.

Consequence

Faced with overwhelming British strength, the French frigates and brigs had no choice but to surrender, ending the engagement in a clear British victory. The loss of Perrée's squadron further weakened French naval capacity in the Mediterranean during this phase of the Revolutionary Wars.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United Kingdom
Peak Mobilized Forces30
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Lord Keith.

Side B

1 belligerent

French Republic
Key Commanders

Jean-Baptiste Perrée.

Outcome
British victory; French frigates and brigs forced to surrender after a 28-hour pursuit

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17991799179617971798180018011802Royalist insurrection in the Toulousain (1799)1799 battle during the War of the Second CoalitionArmed tax revolt among Pennsylvania Dutch farmers between 1799 and 18001799 siege during the French Invasion of Egypt and Syria1799 Encounter of the French Revolutionary WarsAction of 6 February 17991799 minor naval engagement of the French Revolutionary Wars1799 naval action between the US and Franceaction-of-18-june-1799-1799