HistoryData
war1917

Third Battle of Ypres conflict

August 22, 1917

A limited British assault in the Ypres Salient that advanced the front line but ultimately failed to secure key objectives, leading to a command restructuring.

Quick Facts

Year
1917
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
22 August 1917
Front gained (max)
600 yards (550 m)
Front width
2 miles (3.2 km)
British Army
Fifth Army under General Hubert Gough
German Army
4th Army under Lt-Gen Friedrich Sixt von Armin
Follow-up attack
Planned 25 August attack cancelled after German counter-attack

By the Numbers

22
Date
600
Front gained (max)
2
Front width
4
German Army

Location

Map of Ypres, BelgiumMap of Ypres, BelgiumYpres, Belgium

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Battle of Langemarck (16–18 August 1917), British forces advanced north of the village but failed further south, unable to capture the Wilhelmstellung defensive position. General Gough convened a corps commanders' conference on 17 August to arrange local attacks to secure jumping-off positions for a renewed general assault planned for 25 August.

Event

On 22 August 1917, British Fifth Army forces launched an attack along a 2-mile front in the Ypres Salient, advancing up to 600 yards in places. The assault was a significantly larger effort than the preceding action at the Cockcroft on 19 August, but it failed to reach the more distant objectives set for the operation.

Consequence

On 24 August, a German methodical counter-attack recaptured Inverness Copse on the Gheluvelt Plateau, prompting cancellation of the planned 25 August general offensive. Haig transferred responsibility to General Plumer and the Second Army. Torrential rain from 26 August flooded the battlefield, and sustained casualties combined with deteriorating conditions lowered morale among infantry on both sides.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

British Expeditionary Force (Fifth Army)
Key Commanders

General Hubert Gough.

Side B

1 belligerent

German 4th Army
Key Commanders

Lieutenant-General Friedrich Sixt von Armin.

Outcome
British advance of up to 600 yards on a 2-mile front; distant objectives not reached; German counter-attack recaptured Inverness Copse; planned 25 August offensive cancelled.

Timeline Context

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