HistoryData
war1994

AMIA bombing — attack on the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA)

July 18, 1994

The 1994 AMIA bombing killed 85 people and remains the deadliest terrorist attack in Argentine history, attributed to Iran and Hezbollah.

Quick Facts

Year
1994
Category
war

Key Facts

Deaths
85 people
Injured
Over 300 people
Date
18 July 1994
Attack method
Bomb-laden van suicide attack
Argentine Jewish community (1994)
200,000 — largest in Latin America
Judge removed
Juan José Galeano impeached in August 2005

By the Numbers

85people
Deaths
300people
Injured
18
Date
200,000
Argentine Jewish community (1994)

Location

Map of Buenos Aires, ArgentinaMap of Buenos Aires, ArgentinaBuenos Aires, Argentina

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Argentine prosecutors alleged that Iran ordered the attack after Buenos Aires suspended a nuclear technology transfer contract with Tehran, though this has been disputed since the contract was never formally terminated and bilateral negotiations continued into 1994. Hezbollah is accused of executing the operation on Iran's behalf.

Event

On 18 July 1994, a bomb-laden van was driven into the AMIA Jewish community center in Buenos Aires and detonated in a suicide attack. The explosion killed 85 people and injured more than 300, destroying the building and making it the deadliest terrorist attack in Argentine history.

Consequence

The investigation was marred by accusations of cover-up; all suspects in the local connection were acquitted in 2004, and the presiding judge was impeached in 2005. In 2024, an Argentine court formally ruled that Iran directed the attack and that Hezbollah carried it out, also designating Iran a terrorist state.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Hezbollah (alleged perpetrator)Iran (alleged director)

Side B

1 belligerent

AMIA / Argentine civilian population
Estimated Casualties385
Key Commanders

Alberto Nisman (prosecutor), Marcelo Martínez Burgos (prosecutor).

Total Casualties (all sides)
385
Outcome
85 killed, over 300 injured; Iran and Hezbollah accused; Argentine court ruled in 2024 that Iran directed and Hezbollah executed the attack.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199419941991199219931995199619971994–95 UEFA Cup — 24th season of Europe's tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFANorth Korean famine — famine in North Korea from collapse of Soviet aid environmental & infrastructure conditions and corruption1994 European Men's Handball Championship — 1994 edition of the European Men's Handball Championship1994 Genocide against Tutsi — 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda in which 800,000 were killed1994 FIFA World Cup — 15th FIFA World Cup, held in United States1994 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1994 Asian Games — 12th edition of the Asian GamesEurovision Song Contest 1994 — 39th edition of Eurovision Song Contestamia-bombing-attack-on-the-asociaci-n-mutual-israelita-arg-1994