HistoryData
general1981

1981 Spanish hostage incident

May 23, 1981

A 37-hour hostage crisis involving around 300 people at Barcelona's Central Bank, with unclear motives possibly linked to the 23F coup attempt.

Quick Facts

Year
1981
Category
general

Key Facts

Date
23 May 1981
Hostages taken
Approximately 300 people
Duration of hostage crisis
37 hours
Location
Central Bank of Barcelona headquarters
Motives
Unclear; robbery or retrieval of 23F-related documents

By the Numbers

23
Date
300people
Hostages taken
37
Duration of hostage crisis
23
Motives

Location

Map of Barcelona, SpainMap of Barcelona, SpainBarcelona, Spain

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The precise motives behind the assault on the Central Bank of Barcelona remain unconfirmed. Hypotheses include an attempted robbery and the possible acquisition of documents connected to the 23F coup attempt of February 1981, suggesting political dimensions may have played a role alongside criminal intent.

Event

On 23 May 1981, armed assailants seized the headquarters of the Central Bank of Barcelona. Around three hundred people — employees and passersby who happened to be inside the building — were taken hostage. The incident unfolded over 37 hours before it was resolved.

Consequence

The hostage crisis lasted 37 hours before concluding, drawing significant public and governmental attention in Spain. Because the full motives were never officially clarified, the incident left open questions about potential links to the political instability surrounding the February 1981 coup attempt known as 23F.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 198119811978197919801982198319841981 Summer Universiade — multi-sport event in Bucharest, Romania1981 FIFA Intercontinental Cup — 1981 edition of the Intercontinental Cup, association football match between Liverpool FC and CR Flamengo in Tokyo, JapanEurovision Song Contest 1981 — 26th edition of the Eurovision Song ContestWorld Chess Championship 1981 — chess competition1981–82 UEFA Cup — 11th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA1981 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonEuroBasket 1981 — basketball championship1981 CONCACAF Championship — 1981 edition of the CONCACAF Championship association football competitionassalt-al-banco-central-1981