HistoryData
war-101

102 BCE battle of the Cimbrian War

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Rome's decisive defeat of the Teutons and Ambrones at Aquae Sextiae halted their invasion of Italy and marked a turning point in the Cimbrian War.

Quick Facts

Year
-101
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
102 BC
Roman commander
Gaius Marius
Enemies defeated
Teutons and Ambrones
Conflict
Cimbrian War
Preceded by
Defeats at Noreia, Burdigala, and Arausio

Location

Map of Aix-en-Provence, FranceMap of Aix-en-Provence, FranceAix-en-Provence, France

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

After a string of serious Roman defeats, including the catastrophic Battle of Arausio, Germanic tribes including the Teutons and Ambrones moved toward the Alps with the aim of invading Italy. Rome appointed Gaius Marius to reorganize and lead the legions against this threat, as prior commanders had failed to stop the Germanic advance.

Event

At Aquae Sextiae in 102 BC, Roman forces under Gaius Marius engaged the Teutons and Ambrones as they attempted to cross into Italy through the Alps. The battle resulted in a decisive Roman victory, destroying the fighting capacity of both Germanic peoples and ending their role in the broader invasion.

Consequence

The defeat of the Teutons and Ambrones at Aquae Sextiae removed one of the two major Germanic threats to Italy during the Cimbrian War. Marius subsequently turned to face the Cimbri, and the victory enhanced his reputation as Rome's leading general. Local tradition later linked the nearby Mont Sainte-Victoire to the battle, though scholars have disputed this etymology.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Roman Republic
Key Commanders

Gaius Marius.

Side B

2 belligerents

TeutonsAmbrones
Outcome
Decisive Roman victory; Teutons and Ambrones defeated and halted from entering Italy

Timeline Context

Timeline around -101-101-104-103-102-100-99-98battle-of-aquae-sextiae--101