HistoryData
war-208

Battle of the Second Punic War consisting in a three-day engagement in Apulia, Italy between the forces of Rome and Carthage in the summer of 209 BCE

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An inconclusive three-day battle in 209 BC that checked Hannibal's movements in southern Italy while Rome pressed his allies elsewhere.

Quick Facts

Year
-208
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
Spring 209 BC
Duration
Three days
Total casualties (est.)
Up to 14,000 killed
War context
Tenth year of the Second Punic War
Region
Apulia, southern Italy

Location

Map of Canusium, ItalyMap of Canusium, ItalyCanusium, Italy

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

After the Roman disaster at Cannae, many cities and tribes in southern Italy defected to Carthage. Rome launched a broad offensive in 209 BC to punish these defectors, reclaim territory, and limit Hannibal's support base in Magna Graecia and Lucania.

Event

Roman general Marcus Claudius Marcellus engaged Hannibal's Carthaginian forces near Canusium (also called Asculum) in Apulia over three days of fighting. Neither side achieved a decisive breakthrough, and both sustained heavy losses estimated at up to 14,000 killed in total.

Consequence

Though Marcellus's army took a heavy blow, his engagement with Hannibal's main force restrained Punic movements long enough for simultaneous Roman operations to succeed against Hannibal's allies in Magna Graecia and Lucania, marginally tightening Rome's strategic position.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Roman Republic
Key Commanders

Marcus Claudius Marcellus.

Side B

1 belligerent

Carthage
Key Commanders

Hannibal Barca.

Total Casualties (all sides)
14,000
Outcome
Inconclusive; no decisive victor, with both sides suffering significant losses

Timeline Context

Timeline around -208-208-211-210-209-207-206-205209 BCE successful Roman assault on the Carthaginian stronghold New Carthage (Cartagena) in IberiaBattle of the First Macedonian WarBattle of the First Macedonian War209 BCE battle of the Second Punic War in which the Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus recaptured the city of Tarentumbattle-of-canusium--208