HistoryData
war1940

1940 naval battle during the battle of the Mediterranean in Second World War

July 19, 1940

A Royal Navy and HMAS Sydney victory off Crete that sank Italian cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni and damaged Giovanni delle Bande Nere.

Quick Facts

Year
1940
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
19 July 1940
Location
Cape Spada, north-western Crete
Italian cruiser sunk
Bartolomeo Colleoni
Italian killed (Colleoni)
121 men
Italian survivors (Colleoni)
555 men
Italian commander fate
Capitano Umberto Novaro mortally wounded, died 23 July

By the Numbers

19
Date
121men
Italian killed (Colleoni)
555men
Italian survivors (Colleoni)
23
Italian commander fate

Location

Map of GreeceMap of GreeceGreece

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In July 1940, Italian and British naval forces were contesting control of the Mediterranean. The Italian 2nd Cruiser Division, comprising light cruisers Giovanni delle Bande Nere and Bartolomeo Colleoni, was operating in the Aegean when it encountered Royal Navy forces in a chance meeting engagement off north-western Crete.

Event

On the morning of 19 July 1940, the two Italian fast light cruisers engaged the British 2nd Destroyer Flotilla alongside the light cruiser HMAS Sydney and destroyer HMS Havock. During the battle, Bartolomeo Colleoni was sunk and Giovanni delle Bande Nere was damaged, while HMAS Sydney sustained only minor damage.

Consequence

The battle resulted in 121 Italian sailors killed and 555 survivors rescued from Bartolomeo Colleoni. Italian commander Capitano di vascello Umberto Novaro died of wounds on 23 July. The engagement was an Allied tactical success, eliminating one Italian cruiser and weakening the 2nd Cruiser Division's operational capacity in the Mediterranean.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Royal Navy / Royal Australian Navy

Side B

1 belligerent

Regia Marina (Italian Navy)
Estimated Casualties121
Key Commanders

Umberto Novaro.

Total Casualties (all sides)
121
Outcome
Allied victory: Bartolomeo Colleoni sunk, Giovanni delle Bande Nere damaged; minor damage to HMAS Sydney

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19401940193719381939194119421943The Holocaust in Poland — genocide of Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland during World War IISecond and final stage of the 1947–1949 Palestine war1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine — civil war between the Jewish and Arab communities of Palestine which is the first phase of the 1948 Palestine WarKatyn massacre — Soviet mass murder of ca. 22,000 Poles in several parts of European Russia, including in the Katyn forest, which became a pars pro toto name for the whole massacreOperation Weserübung — 1940 code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War1940s — decade of the Gregorian calendar (1940–1949)Battle of Britain — air battle waged between German and British air forces in 1940First war of the Arab–Israeli conflictbattle-of-cape-spada-1940