HistoryData
war-202

Battle during the Second Punic War between the forces of the Roman Republic under Publius Cornelius Scipio and Carthage's main ally, Syphax

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Syphax's defeat and capture ended Carthage's key Numidian alliance, enabling Roman control of North Africa ahead of Zama.

Quick Facts

Year
-202
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
203 BC
Conflict
Second Punic War (218–201 BC)
Syphax's force
Masaesyli Numidians
Roman legate
Gaius Laelius
Outcome
Syphax captured; Cirta surrendered
Aftermath
Masinissa crowned king of all Numidia

Location

Map of Cirta, AlgeriaMap of Cirta, AlgeriaCirta, Algeria

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

After Scipio's invasion of North Africa in 204 BC, Syphax allied with Carthage against Rome. Following defeats at Utica and the Great Plains, Syphax fled to his capital Cirta and hastily recruited a new army, while Masinissa and the Roman legate Laelius gave pursuit.

Event

East of Cirta, Masinissa's Massylii Numidians and Roman infantry under Laelius engaged Syphax's reconstituted Masaesyli army. Syphax's forces initially gained ground, but as Roman infantry reinforced the line, the Masaesyli broke and fled. Syphax himself was captured during the rout.

Consequence

With Syphax paraded in chains before the walls, Cirta surrendered without further resistance. Masinissa was installed as king of a unified Numidia. The following year, Scipio defeated Hannibal at Zama, effectively concluding the Second Punic War.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Roman Republic / Massylii Numidians
Key Commanders

Masinissa, Gaius Laelius.

Side B

1 belligerent

Masaesyli Numidians (allied with Carthage)
Key Commanders

Syphax.

Outcome
Roman-Massylii victory; Syphax captured and Cirta surrendered

Timeline Context

Timeline around -202-202-205-204-203-201-200-199Battle fought between Scipio Africanus of Rome and a combined Carthaginian and Numidian army late in the Second Punic War203 BCE battle of the Second Punic WarCulmination of a major diversion carried out by the Carthaginian commander Mago, son of Hamilcar Barca, at the end of the Second Punic war between Rome and Carthage in what is now northwestern Italybattle-of-cirta--202