HistoryData
war1571

1571 Scottish clan battle

November 30, 1571

A Gordon victory over Forbes forces during the Marian civil war, illustrating clan warfare's role in Scotland's 16th-century dynastic conflict.

Quick Facts

Year
1571
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of battle
20 November 1571
Duration
Approximately one hour
Gordon force strength
900 men
Forbes/Regent force strength
Approximately 800 men
Forbes casualties (Diurnal account)
Chisholm and ~300 men killed; ~200 captured
Gordon casualties (Diurnal account)
200 men killed

By the Numbers

20
Date of battle
900
Gordon force strength
800
Forbes/Regent force strength
300
Forbes casualties (Diurnal account)

Location

Map of Aberdeen, ScotlandMap of Aberdeen, ScotlandAberdeen, Scotland

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The battle arose from the Marian civil war dividing Scotland between supporters of the captive Mary, Queen of Scots, and those backing the regency of King James VI. Clan Gordon backed Mary while Clan Forbes sided with the King's party. Forbes and Regent troops marched from Cowie to Aberdeen on 20 November 1571, reportedly also motivated by a shortage of food supplies.

Event

Adam Gordon of Auchindoun, commanding approximately 900 men inside Aberdeen, engaged the Forbes force of around 800 men—including two companies of musketeers called hagbutters—after they crossed the bridge of Aberdeen and advanced to Craibstone. After about an hour of fighting, the Gordon cavalry under Alexander Campbell assisted in routing the Forbes troops once their ammunition was exhausted, forcing a retreat pursued over four miles.

Consequence

The Gordons won decisively: Forbes archers fled, Captain Chisholm was killed, and Alexander Master of Forbes along with some 200 men were captured and imprisoned at Huntly Castle. Casualty figures vary by source, ranging from roughly equal losses on both sides to heavily lopsided accounts, but all sources confirm a clear Gordon victory reinforcing their control of the northeast for the Marian cause.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Clan Gordon (Marian/Mary, Queen of Scots faction)
Peak Mobilized Forces900
Estimated Casualties200
Casualty Rate22.2%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Adam Gordon of Auchindoun, Captain Ker, Alexander Campbell (cavalry).

Side B

1 belligerent

Clan Forbes and Regent's troops (King James VI faction)
Peak Mobilized Forces800
Estimated Casualties300
Casualty Rate37.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Alexander Master of Forbes, Captain Chisholm, Captain Wedderburn.

Outcome
Gordon victory; Forbes forces routed, Master of Forbes captured and imprisoned at Huntly Castle

Timeline Context

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