HistoryData
war1509

1508 battle between Portuguese Empire and Sultanate of Bijapur

January 8, 1509

A Portuguese assault on Dabul in 1508 became notorious for its indiscriminate massacre of civilians and animals, leaving a lasting stain on Portuguese conduct in India.

Quick Facts

Year
1509
Category
war

Key Facts

Date of attack
29 December 1508
Portuguese departure
5 January 1509
Attacker
Portuguese India under Viceroy Francisco de Almeida
Target
Port city of Dabul, Sultanate of Bijapur
Defenses overcome
Double wooden wall and a ditch
Stated justification
Retaliation for attack on Portuguese armada before Battle of Diu

Location

Map of Dabhol, IndiaMap of Dabhol, IndiaDabhol, India

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Sultanate of Bijapur had attacked a Portuguese armada en route to the Battle of Diu, prompting Viceroy Francisco de Almeida to launch a retaliatory expedition against Dabul, a key port under Bijapuri control.

Event

On 29 December 1508, Portuguese forces breached Dabul's double wooden wall and ditch through artillery bombardment and a pincer movement, then conducted an indiscriminate slaughter of all inhabitants—men, women, children, and animals—before setting the city ablaze to kill those in hiding.

Consequence

The Portuguese departed on 5 January 1509, leaving Dabul destroyed. The massacre became one of the most condemned acts of the Portuguese presence in India, remembered alongside the burning of the Hajj ship Miri as an act that generated lasting enmity toward Portuguese forces on Indian soil.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Portuguese Empire (Viceroy of Portuguese India)
Key Commanders

Francisco de Almeida.

Side B

1 belligerent

Sultanate of Bijapur (Dabul garrison)
Outcome
Portuguese victory; Dabul sacked and burned

Timeline Context

Timeline around 150915091506150715081510151115121509 battle between a great Muslim compound and Portuguese-Hindu forces in India1509 battle during the War of the League of Cambraibattle-of-dabul-1509