HistoryData
war-216

Naval battle of the Second Punic War, fought near the mouth of Ebro River in the spring of 217 BC

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Rome's decisive naval victory at the Ebro River secured control of Iberian waters and weakened Carthaginian influence over local tribes during the Second Punic War.

Quick Facts

Year
-216
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
Spring 217 BC
Carthaginian fleet size
~40 quinqueremes
Roman fleet size
35 ships
Carthaginian ships lost
29 ships
Roman commander
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Carthaginian commander
Himilco (naval); Hasdrubal Barca (overall)

By the Numbers

217
Date
40
Carthaginian fleet size
35
Roman fleet size
29ships
Carthaginian ships lost

Location

Map of SpainMap of SpainSpain

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Hasdrubal Barca, the Carthaginian commander in Iberia, organized a joint land and naval expedition aimed at destroying the Roman base established north of the Ebro River, seeking to push Rome out of the Iberian Peninsula and consolidate Carthaginian control over the region.

Event

In spring 217 BC, a Roman fleet of 35 ships under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus launched a surprise attack against a Carthaginian fleet of approximately 40 quinqueremes commanded by Himilco near the mouth of the Ebro River. The Romans inflicted a total defeat on the Carthaginian naval contingent, which lost 29 of its ships in the engagement.

Consequence

The defeat stripped Carthage of naval dominance around Iberia, securing Roman control of the sea lanes. Rome's enhanced reputation in the region prompted rebellion among several Iberian tribes previously under Carthaginian control, further undermining Carthaginian strategic prospects in the peninsula.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Roman Republic
Peak Mobilized Forces35
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus.

Side B

1 belligerent

Carthage
Peak Mobilized Forces40
Estimated Casualties29
Casualty Rate72.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Himilco, Hasdrubal Barca.

Outcome
Decisive Roman victory; Carthage lost 29 ships and control of the seas around Iberia.

Timeline Context

Timeline around -216-216-219-218-217-215-214-213217 BC battle of the Second Punic WarSkirmish between the armies of Rome and Carthage during the Second Punic WarBattle of the Second Punic War217 BC battle of the Second Punic War217 BC battle of the Second Punic WarBattle of the Social War217 BCE battle of the Second Punic Warbattle-of-ebro-river--216