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war1918

1918 first World War battle

March 21, 1918

A failed British crossing of the Jordan River in 1918 that exposed the difficulty of raiding toward Amman and preceded the later decisive Battle of Megiddo.

Quick Facts

Year
1918
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
21 March 1918
British unit
2/19th Battalion (St. Pancras) London Regiment, 60th Division
Objective
Cross the Jordan River and raid Amman to sever the railroad
Method attempted
Swimmers carrying ropes to construct a pontoon bridge
Outcome
Bridgehead established but raids on Amman failed
Campaign
Sinai and Palestine Campaign, First World War

Location

Map of Hijla, Ottoman Turkey (now West Bank/Jordan border)Map of Hijla, Ottoman Turkey (now West Bank/Jordan border)Hijla, Ottoman Turkey (now West Bank/Jordan border)

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the British capture of Jerusalem in late 1917, General Edmund Allenby planned a raid eastward across the Jordan River toward Amman with the aim of cutting the Ottoman railway line and disrupting Turkish supply and communication routes in the region.

Event

On 21 March 1918, the 2/19th Battalion of the London Regiment attempted to ford the Jordan at Hijla under Turkish fire. Swimmers repeatedly crossed with ropes to build a pontoon bridge; many British soldiers were shot in the river before a bridgehead was finally established and held against Turkish counterattacks.

Consequence

Although the British secured bridgeheads at both Hijla and the nearby ford at Ghoraniyeh, the broader raid on Amman failed to achieve its objectives. The engagement served as a prelude to the larger and ultimately successful British offensive at the Battle of Megiddo later in 1918.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

British Empire
Key Commanders

Edmund Allenby, Vivian Gilbert (Major, reporter).

Side B

1 belligerent

Ottoman Empire (Turkish)
Outcome
British bridgehead established at Hijla but raids on Amman failed; inconclusive

Timeline Context

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