HistoryData
war-425

426 BCE battle during the Peloponnesian War

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The Battle of Idomene inflicted the single greatest proportional loss on any Greek city-state in equal days during the entire Peloponnesian War.

Quick Facts

Year
-425
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
426 BC
War
Peloponnesian War
Ambracian casualties (two battles)
~1,000 men
Athenian commander
Demosthenes
Tactical advantage
Athenians occupied higher of two hills
Attack timing
Before dawn, while Ambracians slept

Location

Map of Idomene, GreeceMap of Idomene, GreeceIdomene, Greece

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Ambracians, allies of Sparta, dispatched a relief force to aid their army that had invaded Amphilochia. They were unaware that this first army had already been defeated and scattered the previous day by a combined force of Athenians, Amphilochians, and Acarnanians under the Athenian general Demosthenes.

Event

The unsuspecting Ambracian relief force camped on the lower of two steep hills near Idomene. Demosthenes seized the higher hill overnight, gaining a commanding position. Before dawn, while the Ambracians were still asleep, the Athenian-led force launched a surprise attack and routed them almost entirely.

Consequence

Combined with their earlier defeat, the Ambracians suffered roughly 1,000 dead across the two engagements. Thucydides judged this the greatest proportional disaster to befall any single Greek city in equal days during the war, noting that the actual death toll was so large relative to Ambracia's size that he declined to record it as incredible.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Athens, Amphilochians, Acarnanians
Key Commanders

Demosthenes.

Side B

1 belligerent

Ambracia (Spartan allies)
Estimated Casualties~1K
Total Casualties (all sides)
1,000
Outcome
Decisive Athenian victory; Ambracian relief force destroyed in surprise dawn attack

Timeline Context

Timeline around -425-425-428-427-426-424-423-422Battle in the Pelopponesian Warbattle-of-idomene--425