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war1733

Last battle in Nader Shah's Mesopotamian campaign (1733)

January 1, 1733

Nader Shah's decisive victory over Ottoman general Topal Osman Pasha at Kirkuk ended Persia's Mesopotamian campaign but yielded no lasting strategic gain due to a southern rebellion.

Quick Facts

Year
1733
Category
war

Key Facts

Alternative names
Battle of Agh-Darband; Battle of Leylan
Campaign
Nader Shah's Mesopotamian campaign
Ottoman commander killed
Topal Osman Pasha
Outcome
Crushing Persian victory
Post-battle withdrawal reason
Rebellion led by Mohammad Khan Baluch in southern Persia

Location

Map of Kirkuk, IraqMap of Kirkuk, IraqKirkuk, Iraq

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Nader Shah sought to avenge a prior defeat inflicted on him by the Ottoman general Topal Osman Pasha during the Mesopotamian campaign. The broader war between Persia and the Ottoman Empire had shifted fortunes repeatedly for both sides, leaving unresolved territorial and military grievances that drove Nader to resume offensive operations in the region.

Event

At the Battle of Kirkuk in 1733, Nader Shah's Persian forces engaged the Ottoman army commanded by Topal Osman Pasha. The battle ended in a crushing Persian victory, and Topal Osman Pasha was defeated and killed in the fighting, giving Nader his sought revenge and marking the last engagement of the Mesopotamian campaign.

Consequence

Despite the decisive victory, Nader Shah was compelled to withdraw his forces from the region to suppress a growing rebellion in southern Persia led by Mohammad Khan Baluch. This rebellion negated the strategic fruits of the victory, preventing Nader from capitalizing on his success and capturing Baghdad, which had been within reach.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Persian Empire (Afsharid)
Key Commanders

Nader Shah.

Side B

1 belligerent

Ottoman Empire
Key Commanders

Topal Osman Pasha.

Outcome
Decisive Persian victory; Topal Osman Pasha killed; Persians subsequently withdrew due to southern rebellion

Timeline Context

Timeline around 173317331730173117321734173517361733, between Louis XV of France and Charles Emmanuel III, Duke of SavoyPart of the Ottoman-Persian war (1730-35)Series of 3 alliances (1773, 1743, 1761) between the Bourbon kings of France and Spainbattle-of-kirkuk-1733-1733