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war1217

Battle of Lincoln, England in 1217

May 27, 1217

A decisive royalist victory that ended French military dominance in England and secured Henry III's reign during the First Barons' War.

Quick Facts

Year
1217
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
20 May 1217
Location
Lincoln Castle, Lincoln, England
Conflict
First Barons' War
French commander killed
Thomas, Count of Perche
Royalist commander
William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke
Aftermath
Looting known as the 'Lincoln Fair'

Location

Map of Lincoln, EnglandMap of Lincoln, EnglandLincoln, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the First Barons' War, Louis of France had established a strong military presence in England, supported by rebel barons and the citizens of Lincoln. Henry III's forces needed to relieve the siege of Lincoln Castle, which was held by royalist defenders against Louis's occupying garrison.

Event

On 20 May 1217, a royalist relief force commanded by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, attacked Louis's forces at Lincoln Castle. The French commander Thomas, Count of Perche, was killed during the fighting. The battle ended in a decisive royalist victory, with Henry III's forces subsequently sacking the city of Lincoln, whose citizens had sided with Louis.

Consequence

The defeat shattered French military power in England and forced Louis to abandon his claim to the English throne, effectively ending the First Barons' War. Louis was expelled from his base in the southeast of England, and the extensive looting that followed the battle was mockingly called the 'Lincoln Fair.'

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Kingdom of England (Royalists)
Key Commanders

William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.

Side B

1 belligerent

French forces and rebel barons (Louis of France)
Key Commanders

Thomas, Count of Perche.

Outcome
Decisive royalist victory; Thomas, Count of Perche killed; Louis expelled from England

Timeline Context

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