HistoryData
war634

634 battle between the Muslim Arabs under Khalid b. Walid and the Christian Ghassanid Arabs

April 27, 0634

An early Rashidun advance into Byzantine-held Syria, this skirmish at Marj Rahit preceded the Muslim Arab conquest of Damascus in 634.

Quick Facts

Year
634
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
April 634 CE
Rashidun army size
9000 troops soldiers
Distance from Damascus
Approximately 20 miles miles
Pass elevation
2000 feet above surrounding countryside feet
Pass renamed
Saniyyat-ul-Uqab (Pass of the Eagle)

By the Numbers

634
Date
9,000soldiers
Rashidun army size
20miles
Distance from Damascus
2,000feet
Pass elevation

Location

Map of Adra, SyriaMap of Adra, SyriaAdra, Syria

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the Battle of Huwwarin, Khalid ibn Walid continued his campaign northward toward Damascus. The Ghassanid Arabs, Christian allies of the Byzantine Empire, occupied the region around Marj Rahit, a large meadow near present-day Adra, placing them in the path of the advancing Rashidun army.

Event

In April 634, the Rashidun army of approximately 9,000 men under Khalid ibn Walid engaged the Ghassanid Arab defenders at Marj Rahit. En route, Khalid halted at a mountain pass in the Jabal-ush-Sharq range and planted his eagle standard, thereafter naming the pass Saniyyat-ul-Uqab. The engagement at Marj Rahit was described as a minor conflict.

Consequence

The Rashidun forces overcame Ghassanid resistance at Marj Rahit, clearing the approach to Damascus. This skirmish contributed to the broader Muslim Arab advance into Byzantine Syria, which culminated in the fall of Damascus later in 634 and the eventual collapse of Byzantine and Ghassanid control over the Levant.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Rashidun Caliphate
Peak Mobilized Forces~9K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Khalid ibn Walid.

Side B

1 belligerent

Ghassanid Arabs (Byzantine allies)
Outcome
Rashidun victory; Ghassanid resistance at Marj Rahit overcome, opening the route to Damascus

Timeline Context

Timeline around 634634631632633635636637634 CE conflict between the Rashidun Caliphate and Byzantine Empire634 battle in Northumberland7th-century battle in the LevantFought between the Rashidun Caliphate and the Sassanian EmpireBetween the forces of Sassanid Empire and Rashidun CaliphateEngagement between the Rashidun Caliphate and Ghassanids634 conflict between the Rashidun Caliphate and Byzantine EmpireBattle between Sasanians and Arab Muslimsbattle-of-marj-rahit-634