HistoryData
war1779

1779 action between three French and 15 British ships of the line

January 1, 1779

A small French division delayed a superior British squadron long enough to save most of a convoy near Martinique, earning formal praise from the opposing admiral.

Quick Facts

Year
1779
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
18 December 1779
British ships of the line
13 ships
French ships of the line
3 ships
Annibal engagement duration
90 minutes solo
Transports taken or beached
10–11 vessels

By the Numbers

18
Date
13ships
British ships of the line
3ships
French ships of the line
90
Annibal engagement duration

Location

Map of MartiniqueMap of MartiniqueMartinique

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

A British squadron under Admiral Hyde Parker pursued a French convoy commanded by Joseph de Flotte near Martinique in December 1779. To protect the convoy's retreat, French Admiral Lamotte-Picquet's small division moved to intercept the numerically superior British force.

Event

The 74-gun Annibal, under Lamotte-Picquet, engaged the 13-ship British squadron alone for 90 minutes near Martinique on 18 December 1779. She was eventually joined by the two 64-gun ships Vengeur and Réfléchi, and the three French vessels collectively blocked the British advance.

Consequence

Ten to eleven transports were captured by the British or beached to avoid capture, but the majority of the convoy, along with the escorting frigate Aurore, escaped. The French division returned safely to anchorage, and Admiral Hyde Parker sent Lamotte-Picquet a formal letter of congratulation.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

France
Peak Mobilized Forces3
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Lamotte-Picquet, Joseph de Flotte.

Side B

1 belligerent

Great Britain
Peak Mobilized Forces13
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Hyde Parker.

Outcome
Inconclusive; most of the French convoy escaped despite British numerical superiority.

Timeline Context

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