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war1520

1520 battle during the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs

July 17, 1520

The Spanish victory at Otumba in 1520 allowed Cortés to regroup after the disastrous La Noche Triste and ultimately resume the conquest of the Aztec Empire.

Quick Facts

Year
1520
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
July 7, 1520
Location
Temalcatitlán plain, near Otumba
Conflict context
Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
Preceding event
La Noche Triste (heavy Spanish losses)
Outcome
Spanish and Tlaxcalan victory

Location

Map of Otumba, MexicoMap of Otumba, MexicoOtumba, Mexico

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the catastrophic losses suffered during La Noche Triste, Hernán Cortés and his diminished Spanish and Tlaxcalan forces were retreating from Tenochtitlan. Mexica forces under Cihuacoatl Matlatzincátzin pursued them to the plain of Temalcatitlán near Otumba, seeking to destroy the weakened Spanish army before it could recover.

Event

On July 7, 1520, Mexica and allied warriors confronted Cortés's combined force of Spanish conquistadors and Tlaxcalan allies on the plain near Otumba. Despite being outnumbered and exhausted, the Spanish and their allies managed to repel the Mexica assault, achieving a decisive defensive victory that preserved what remained of the expedition.

Consequence

The victory at Otumba allowed Cortés to safely reorganize his army. Over the following year he recruited additional men, secured fresh supplies, and formalized an alliance with the Tlaxcala Confederacy. These reconstituted forces returned to besiege Tenochtitlan, ultimately completing the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Spanish conquistadors and Tlaxcalan allies
Key Commanders

Hernán Cortés.

Side B

1 belligerent

Mexica (Aztec) and allied forces
Key Commanders

Cihuacoatl Matlatzincátzin.

Outcome
Spanish and Tlaxcalan victory; Cortés's forces escaped destruction and regrouped

Timeline Context

Timeline around 152015201517151815191521152215231520 battle in the Caucasus region1520 successful Portuguese siege on BintanEvent during the Conquest of Mexico1520 battle in Spainbattle-of-otumba-1520