HistoryData
war1962

Battle of the 1962 Sino-Indian War

November 18, 1962

The Battle of Rezang La saw a small Indian company make a last stand against a vastly larger Chinese force at 16,000 ft, becoming central to Indian military memory of the 1962 war.

Quick Facts

Year
1962
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
18 November 1962
Altitude
16,000 ft (4,900 m)
Indian defenders
120 soldiers (13th Kumaon Regiment)
Chinese force (Indian claim)
More than 3,000 soldiers
Chinese casualties (Indian sources)
More than 1,400
Highest award
Param Vir Chakra to Maj. Shaitan Singh (posthumous)

By the Numbers

18
Date
16,000ft (4,900 m)
Altitude
120
Indian defenders
3,000
Chinese force (Indian claim)

Location

Map of Chushul, IndiaMap of Chushul, IndiaChushul, India

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

In October 1962, China launched a large-scale offensive against India in disputed border regions of Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh. The Chushul sector, including the Rezang La pass, became strategically critical because it guarded the vital airstrip at Chushul. The Indian Army, under-prepared and lacking adequate artillery support, was tasked with holding these exposed high-altitude positions.

Event

On 18 November 1962, the reinforced 3rd Battalion of China's 11th Infantry Regiment attacked Rezang La. According to Chinese accounts, the pass was captured in under two hours using superior artillery. Indian accounts describe approximately 120 soldiers of the 13th Kumaon Regiment, under Major Shaitan Singh, holding off a force described as exceeding 3,000 Chinese troops in one of the most intensely contested engagements of the war.

Consequence

Major Shaitan Singh was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military honor, and numerous other decorations were awarded posthumously to soldiers of the company. The battle became a defining episode in Indian military tradition, commemorating the sacrifice of soldiers who fought without reinforcement or adequate support in extreme high-altitude conditions.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

India (13th Battalion, Kumaon Regiment)
Peak Mobilized Forces120
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Major Shaitan Singh.

Side B

1 belligerent

China (3rd Battalion, 11th Infantry Regiment)
Estimated Casualties~1K
Outcome
Chinese forces captured Rezang La; Indian defenders fought to near annihilation; Major Shaitan Singh killed in action

Timeline Context

Timeline around 1962196219591960196119631964196515th Chess Olympiad — FIDE chess tournament for national teams1962 FIFA World Cup — 7th FIFA World Cup, held in Chile1962 Cannes Film Festival — film festival edition1962 Formula One season — sports season1962 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1962 Asian Games — multi-sport event in IndonesiaCuban Missile Crisis — October 1962 confrontation between the Soviet Union, Cuba and the United States1962 European Athletics Championships — 1962 edition of the European Athletics Championshipsbattle-of-rezang-la-1962