HistoryData
war1316

1316 skirmish of the First War of Scottish Independence

January 1, 1316

A skirmish near Coldstream in 1316 in which Scottish forces under James Douglas repelled an English raiding party, tightening the siege of Berwick.

Quick Facts

Year
1316
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
February 1316
English raiding party size
Approximately 80 men
English commander
Edmond Caillou, Gascon knight
Scottish commander
Sir James Douglas
Outcome for Caillou
Killed in action
Berwick captured
April 1318, by Douglas and Thomas Randolph

By the Numbers

1,316
Date
80
English raiding party size
1,318
Berwick captured

Location

Map of Coldstream, ScotlandMap of Coldstream, ScotlandColdstream, Scotland

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Scottish reconquest of territory surrounding Berwick upon Tweed had cut off English supply lines to the garrison, which faced starvation. To relieve this pressure, the English commander Edmond Caillou led roughly 80 men out of Berwick to raid Teviotdale for cattle and provisions.

Event

Sir James Douglas, informed that the English raiding party was smaller than it proved to be, moved to intercept it near Coldstream on the Anglo-Scottish border. In the ensuing skirmish, Douglas's forces defeated the English raiders and killed Caillou. Douglas later described it as the hardest fight of his career.

Consequence

The defeat of the raiding party deepened the isolation of the Berwick garrison and reinforced Scottish dominance of the surrounding region. This pressure contributed to the eventual fall of Berwick, which was captured by Douglas and Thomas Randolph in April 1318, a significant gain for Scotland in the First War of Independence.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Kingdom of Scotland
Key Commanders

Sir James Douglas.

Side B

1 belligerent

Kingdom of England (Berwick garrison)
Peak Mobilized Forces80
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

Edmond Caillou.

Outcome
Scottish victory; English raiding party defeated and Edmond Caillou killed

Timeline Context

Timeline around 131613161313131413151317131813191316 battle in Skerries, County Kildare1316 battle between Achaea and Majorca1316 battle in Germany1316 battle of the Bruce Campaign in Irelandbattle-of-skaithmuir-1316