HistoryData
war873

873 naval battle during the Arab–Byzantine wars

January 1, 0873

A Byzantine fleet under Niketas Ooryphas defeated Cretan Saracen raiders in the Gulf of Corinth, reportedly by hauling ships across the Isthmus of Corinth.

Quick Facts

Year
873
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
c. 873 (some scholars suggest as late as 879)
Byzantine commander
Niketas Ooryphas, droungarios of the Fleet
Saracen commander
Photios, a Greek renegade, killed in the battle
Saracen patron
Shu'ayb, Arab emir of Crete, son of Abu Hafs
Key maneuver
Byzantine fleet hauled overland across Isthmus of Corinth
Preceding engagement
Battle of Kardia, c. 872/3, also won by Ooryphas

Location

Map of GreeceMap of GreeceGreece

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Arab emir of Crete, Shu'ayb, dispatched a Greek renegade named Photios to lead raiding expeditions against Byzantine territory. After surviving defeat at the Battle of Kardia around 872/3, Photios launched a subsequent raid, attacking coastal settlements along the Peloponnese including Methone, Pylos, and Patras before entering the Gulf of Corinth.

Event

Byzantine admiral Niketas Ooryphas, learning the Saracens had entered the Corinthian Gulf, chose to portage his fleet across the Isthmus of Corinth rather than circumnavigate the Peloponnese. This maneuver achieved complete surprise. The Byzantine fleet destroyed many Saracen ships, killed Photios, and captured or executed numerous raiders, with Christian renegades reportedly subjected to harsh treatment.

Consequence

The battle resulted in a decisive Byzantine victory, eliminating Photios and checking Cretan Saracen raiding in Greek waters. Historian David Pettegrew has questioned whether the portage across the Isthmus actually occurred, suggesting the account may be a literary topos modeled on Philip V of Macedon's similar feat in 217 BC rather than a factual record.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Byzantine Empire
Key Commanders

Niketas Ooryphas.

Side B

1 belligerent

Cretan Saracens (Emirate of Crete)
Key Commanders

Photios.

Outcome
Decisive Byzantine victory; Saracen fleet destroyed, commander Photios killed

Timeline Context

Timeline around 873873870871872874875876battle-of-the-gulf-of-corinth-873