HistoryData
war-329

Battle between Alexander the Great and Ariobarzanes near Persepolis in a small mountainpass known as the Persian gate along the Royal road

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Ariobarzanes delayed Alexander's advance on Persepolis for roughly a month before a flanking maneuver broke the Persian defense.

Quick Facts

Year
-329
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
Winter 330 BC
Duration of Persian stand
Approximately one month
Persian commander
Ariobarzanes of Persis
Location
Persian Gate, near Persepolis
Outcome
Macedonian victory; Alexander captured half of Persia proper

Location

Map of Persepolis, IranMap of Persepolis, IranPersepolis, Iran

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

As Alexander the Great advanced through the Achaemenid Empire during his winter 330 BC campaign, the Persian satrap Ariobarzanes of Persis assembled an outnumbered force to block the narrow mountain pass known as the Persian Gate on the Royal Road, seeking to delay the Macedonian advance toward Persepolis.

Event

Ariobarzanes led a determined last stand at the Persian Gate, successfully holding back the Macedonian army for approximately a month. Alexander, using intelligence from captured prisoners or a local shepherd, discovered a path allowing him to outflank the Persian defenders from the rear, breaking their defensive line.

Consequence

With the Persian Gate overcome, Alexander captured half of Persia proper and advanced on Persepolis, delivering another decisive blow to the Achaemenid Empire and accelerating its collapse under Macedonian conquest.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Macedonian Empire
Key Commanders

Alexander the Great.

Side B

1 belligerent

Achaemenid Persia (Persis)
Key Commanders

Ariobarzanes of Persis.

Outcome
Macedonian victory; Alexander flanked and defeated the Persian defenders, capturing half of Persia proper

Timeline Context

Timeline around -329-329-332-331-330-328-327-326battle-of-the-persian-gate-on-the-mountain--329