HistoryData
war-546

Battle between Croesus of Lydia and Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid Empire

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Cyrus the Great's decisive victory over Croesus ended Lydian independence and incorporated the wealthy kingdom into the Achaemenid Empire.

Quick Facts

Year
-546
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
December 547 BC
Location
Plain north of Sardis, Lydia
Lydian army size
Approximately twice the size of Cyrus's force
Siege of Sardis duration
14 days days
Outcome
Decisive Persian victory; Lydia conquered

Location

Map of Sardis, TurkeyMap of Sardis, TurkeySardis, Turkey

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the indecisive Battle of Pteria, Cyrus pursued Croesus back into Lydia. Croesus had partially disbanded his army intending to reassemble it with allied forces, but Cyrus pressed his campaign before reinforcements could fully materialize, forcing a confrontation on the plain north of Sardis.

Event

On the plain north of Sardis in December 547 BC, Cyrus II of the Achaemenid Empire engaged Croesus's Lydian army, which was roughly twice the size of his own force and had been partially reinforced. Despite the numerical disadvantage, Cyrus achieved a complete and decisive victory over the Lydian forces.

Consequence

Following the battle, Cyrus besieged Sardis for fourteen days, after which the city fell. Croesus's fate remained uncertain, but Lydia was fully absorbed into the Achaemenid Empire, ending the Lydian Kingdom and bringing Persia into direct contact with Greek colonies on the Aegean coast.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Achaemenid Empire
Key Commanders

Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great).

Side B

1 belligerent

Lydian Kingdom
Key Commanders

Croesus.

Outcome
Decisive Achaemenid victory; Lydia conquered following the subsequent 14-day Siege of Sardis

Timeline Context

Timeline around -546-546-549-548-547-545-544-543A battle for establishing the greatest empire of eastbattle-of-thymbra--546