HistoryData
war1812

1812 battle during the Napoleonic Wars

January 1, 1812

The Battle of Tromsø was the last British naval engagement in Norwegian waters during the Gunboat War and influenced Admiralty policy against risky coastal attacks.

Quick Facts

Year
1812
Category
war

Key Facts

Date
2 August 1812
British frigate
HMS Horatio, 38 guns
British cutting-out party
80 men
Dano-Norwegian vessels captured
2 gunboats (No. 97 and No. 114)
American prize
1 vessel captured in Tromsø harbour
Dano-Norwegian commander
Second Lieutenant Hans Carl Bodenhoff

By the Numbers

2
Date
38
British frigate
80
British cutting-out party
2
Dano-Norwegian vessels captured

Location

Map of Tromsø, NorwayMap of Tromsø, NorwayTromsø, Norway

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

During the Gunboat War between Britain and Denmark-Norway, HMS Horatio entered Norwegian waters. The 4-gun Dano-Norwegian cutter No. 97 fired on the British frigate after discovering its identity, then fled to Tromsø harbour, provoking a British response.

Event

On 2 August 1812, Captain Lord George Stuart dispatched a cutting-out party of 80 men from HMS Horatio. The British force successfully seized the cutter No. 97 and the 6-gun schooner No. 114, commanded by Second Lieutenant Hans Carl Bodenhoff, along with an American prize vessel in Tromsø harbour.

Consequence

British casualties were heavy enough that Stuart chose to return to England rather than continue operations. Bodenhoff earned renown as 'the lion of Tromsø' for his bravery. The action became the last British engagement in Norwegian waters during the Gunboat War and prompted the Admiralty to issue secret orders prohibiting risky attacks on foreign coasts.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United Kingdom
Key Commanders

Captain Lord George Stuart.

Side B

1 belligerent

Denmark-Norway
Key Commanders

Second Lieutenant Hans Carl Bodenhoff.

Outcome
British victory; both Dano-Norwegian vessels and an American prize captured, but high British casualties prompted withdrawal

Timeline Context

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