HistoryData
war1918

1918 battle fought between 19 and 25 September in the last months of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

September 19, 1918

The Battle of Tulkarm broke the Ottoman Eighth Army's front line, enabling British cavalry to encircle two Ottoman armies and begin the decisive Final Offensive in Palestine.

Quick Facts

Year
1918
Category
war

Key Facts

Battle dates
19–25 September 1918
Attacking formation
British Empire 60th Division, XXI Corps
Defending force
Ottoman Eighth Army (German and Ottoman troops)
Objective captured
Tulkarm and Ottoman Eighth Army headquarters
Follow-on reach
Desert Mounted Corps reached Damascus six days after Megiddo
Campaign end
Armistice of Mudros signed five weeks after Megiddo

Location

Map of Tulkarm, Palestine (Ottoman Empire)Map of Tulkarm, Palestine (Ottoman Empire)Tulkarm, Palestine (Ottoman Empire)

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

By September 1918, the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force sought to break the entrenched Ottoman front line in Palestine. The Ottoman Eighth Army held defensive positions near the Mediterranean coast, and British planners designed a combined infantry and artillery assault supported by naval gunfire to rupture that line and open a corridor for cavalry exploitation.

Event

On 19 September 1918, the 60th Division attacked Ottoman trenches under an intense creeping artillery barrage. The infantry advanced and captured Nahr el Faliq, forcing the Eighth Army to withdraw. Tulkarm and the Eighth Army headquarters fell, cutting the front line and allowing Desert Mounted Corps cavalry to drive northward up the Plain of Sharon into the Ottoman rear.

Consequence

The cavalry outflanked and nearly encircled the Ottoman Seventh and Eighth Armies, destroying the equivalent of one Ottoman army and forcing the retreat of two others. Thousands of prisoners and vast stretches of territory were captured. The pursuit reached Damascus within days, and Aleppo fell before the Armistice of Mudros ended hostilities with the Ottoman Empire on 30 October 1918.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

British Empire (Egyptian Expeditionary Force, XXI Corps, Desert Mounted Corps)

Side B

1 belligerent

Ottoman Eighth Army (German and Ottoman soldiers)
Outcome
British Empire victory; Ottoman Eighth Army front line broken and headquarters captured; Final Offensive in Palestine initiated.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19181918191519161917191919201921Russian Civil War from 13 to 15, June 19181918 battle of the First World War which was fought in Ottoman Palestine1918 Bolshevik military operation of Petrograd and the Moscow Red Guard to sack the capital of Ukraine1918 First World War battleAllied intervention in the Russian Civil War — 1918 military OperationRice Riots of 1918 — 1918 food riots in Japan1918 armed conflict in Georgia and ArmeniaWave of anti-Jewish rioting and violence in Czechoslovakiabattle-of-tulkarm-1918