HistoryData
general1996

Birgenair Flight 301 — 1996 aviation accident in the Dominican Republic

February 6, 1996

Deadliest aviation accident in Dominican Republic history, killing all 189 aboard after a pitot tube blocked by a wasp nest caused false airspeed readings.

Quick Facts

Year
1996
Category
general

Key Facts

Date of crash
6 February 1996
Total fatalities
189 people
Aircraft type
Boeing 757
Days aircraft sat unused
20 days
Days without pitot tube covers
2 days
Planned route
Puerto Plata → Gander → Berlin → Frankfurt

By the Numbers

6
Date of crash
189people
Total fatalities
757
Aircraft type
20days
Days aircraft sat unused

Location

Map of Puerto Plata, Dominican RepublicMap of Puerto Plata, Dominican RepublicPuerto Plata, Dominican Republic

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Boeing 757 had sat unused for 20 days at Puerto Plata without pitot tube covers fitted for the final two days before the flight. A wasp nest built inside one pitot tube blocked it, feeding the crew false airspeed data during takeoff and climb. Pilots, confused by contradictory instrument readings, responded incorrectly to the erroneous information.

Event

On 6 February 1996, Birgenair Flight 301 departed Gregorio Luperón International Airport in Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic, bound for Frankfurt via Gander and Berlin. Shortly after takeoff, the crew lost control of the aircraft due to pilot error stemming from false airspeed indications. The Boeing 757 crashed into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 189 people on board.

Consequence

All 189 occupants perished, making it the deadliest aviation accident ever recorded in the Dominican Republic and tying it with American Airlines Flight 77 as the deadliest crash involving a Boeing 757. The accident prompted heightened industry awareness of pitot tube maintenance, the importance of protective covers during extended ground periods, and crew training for instrument disagreement scenarios.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 199619961993199419951997199819991996 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXVI Olympiad, in Atlanta, USA1996 CONCACAF Gold Cup — 1996 edition of the association football competition CONCACAF Gold CupEurovision Song Contest 1996 — 41st edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1996 Formula One World Championship — sports seasonAthletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics — athletics competitions during the 1996 Olympic Summer GamesBasketball at the 1996 Summer Olympics — international basketball tournament1996 African Cup of Nations — 1996 edition of the African Cup of Nations association football competition1996 AFC Asian Cup — football tournamentbirgenair-flight-301-1996-aviation-accident-in-the-dominic-1996