HistoryData
war1643

Engagement of the First English Civil War

May 21, 1643

A Parliamentarian force under Sir Thomas Fairfax captured Wakefield despite being outnumbered two-to-one, securing prisoners for exchange after the defeat at Seacroft Moor.

Quick Facts

Year
1643
Category
war

Key Facts

Parliamentarian strength
approximately 1,500 men
Royalist strength
approximately 3,000 men
Prisoners taken
roughly 1,400 Royalist prisoners
Duration of fighting
around two hours
Parliamentarian losses
no more than seven men (by Fairfax's account)

By the Numbers

1,500
Parliamentarian strength
3,000
Royalist strength
1,400
Prisoners taken

Location

Map of Wakefield, EnglandMap of Wakefield, EnglandWakefield, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Following the Parliamentarian defeat at Seacroft Moor, around 800 of Fairfax's men were taken prisoner. Fairfax planned an attack on the Royalist-held town of Wakefield specifically to capture prisoners he could exchange for his own captured soldiers, providing a direct strategic motive for the assault.

Event

On 21 May 1643, Fairfax marched his force of roughly 1,500 men from Leeds and split it into two columns to attack Wakefield from different directions. After approximately two hours of early-morning fighting, the Parliamentarians broke through into the town. The Royalist commander George Goring, reportedly ill or suffering a hangover, rose and led a counterattack in his nightshirt, but the effort failed.

Consequence

The Parliamentarians captured approximately 1,400 Royalist prisoners along with substantial quantities of ammunition. Fairfax secured the captives he needed to negotiate the release of his own men taken at Seacroft Moor, and the action demonstrated that a determined, smaller force could successfully storm a defended town in the First English Civil War.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Parliamentarians
Peak Mobilized Forces~2K
Estimated Casualties7
Casualty Rate0.5%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Key Commanders

Sir Thomas Fairfax.

Side B

1 belligerent

Royalists
Peak Mobilized Forces~3K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

George Goring.

Outcome
Parliamentarian victory; approximately 1,400 Royalist prisoners and much ammunition captured

Timeline Context

Timeline around 16431643164016411642164416451646Battle in the Kazakh-Dzungar Wars1643 peace proposal between the Long Parliament and King Charles I in England1564 battle of the First English Civil WarBattle during the First English Civil War on 23 January 1643, when a Parliamentarian force attacked the Royalist garrison of Leeds, Yorkshire1643 battle in the first English Civil War1643 battle of the first English civil warBattle of Rocroi (1643) resulted in victory for a French army against Spanish forces1643 Irish Confederate Wars battlecapture-of-wakefield-1643