HistoryData
disaster2000

2000 fireworks explosion

May 13, 2000

One of the deadliest industrial accidents in Dutch history, destroying hundreds of homes in a densely populated urban area.

Quick Facts

Year
2000
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Deaths
23 (including 4 firefighters)
Injured
950
Homes destroyed
400
Buildings damaged
1,500
Largest blast yield
4–5 tons of TNT (17–21 GJ)
Blast felt at distance
50 km away in Deventer

By the Numbers

23
Deaths
950
Injured
400
Homes destroyed
1,500
Buildings damaged

Location

Map of Enschede, NetherlandsMap of Enschede, NetherlandsEnschede, Netherlands

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

S.E. Fireworks, a major Dutch fireworks supplier with a previously clean safety record, stored large quantities of fireworks in a residential area of Enschede. Despite passing all prior safety audits, the stockpile ignited on 13 May 2000, triggering a chain of escalating explosions.

Event

A series of explosions at the S.E. Fireworks depot in Enschede on 13 May 2000 culminated in a final blast estimated at 4–5 tons of TNT equivalent, powerful enough to be felt 50 kilometres away in Deventer. Fire crews from across the German border were called in to assist in battling the resulting blaze.

Consequence

The disaster killed 23 people and injured 950 others, destroying 400 homes and damaging 1,500 buildings in the surrounding neighbourhood. The event prompted major scrutiny of fireworks storage regulations in the Netherlands and led to stricter controls over the siting of hazardous materials near populated areas.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 23 (other)

other
Enschede

Timeline Context

Timeline around 200020001997199819992001200220032000 Formula One World Championship — sports season20th century — time period between January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 20002000s — decade from 2000 to 20092nd millennium — millennium spanning the years 1001 to 20002000 Summer Olympics — Games of the XXVII Olympiad, in Sydney, AustraliaUEFA Euro 2000 — 11th European association football championshipGreat Recession — 2007–2009 international economic declineEurovision Song Contest 2000 — 45th edition of the Eurovision Song Contestenschede-fireworks-disaster-2000