HistoryData
disaster1989

Incident which occurred during the FA Cup semi-final match in 1989

April 15, 1989

The deadliest disaster in British sporting history, killing 97 people and exposing systemic failures in crowd control and a prolonged police cover-up.

Quick Facts

Year
1989
Category
disaster

Key Facts

Total fatalities
97
Injuries
766
Date of disaster
15 April 1989
Second inquest verdict
Unlawful killing
First inquest verdict (later quashed)
Accidental death (1991)
Criminal charges filed
June 2017, six individuals charged

By the Numbers

97
Total fatalities
766
Injuries
15
Date of disaster
1,991
First inquest verdict (later quashed)

Location

Map of Sheffield, United KingdomMap of Sheffield, United KingdomSheffield, United Kingdom

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Ahead of the FA Cup semi-final between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest at Hillsborough Stadium on 15 April 1989, large crowds gathered outside the Leppings Lane turnstiles. Police match commander David Duckenfield ordered exit gate C to be opened to relieve the crush outside, sending a surge of supporters into already full standing pens without redirecting them to less crowded areas.

Event

The sudden influx of supporters into the two central standing pens of the Leppings Lane end caused a fatal crowd crush. Ninety-four people died on the day, with further deaths bringing the total to 97. Some 766 others were injured. The match was abandoned shortly after kick-off and later replayed at Old Trafford, where Liverpool won and proceeded to win the FA Cup.

Consequence

South Yorkshire Police initially blamed Liverpool fans, a narrative later comprehensively discredited. The Taylor Report (1990) led to all-seater stadiums replacing fenced standing terraces in the top two tiers of English football. After decades of campaigning by bereaved families, second inquests ruled in 2016 that supporters were unlawfully killed. Criminal charges were brought in 2017 against six individuals for manslaughter and perverting the course of justice.

Human Cost

Death toll visualizationEach dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths.

Each dot represents approximately 10,000 deaths. Total estimated: 97 (other)

other
SheffieldSouth YorkshireEngland

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19891989198619871988199019911992Removal of 'Iron Curtain' from the border of Austria and HungaryCanadian political controversyInternational athletics championship eventAnti-Hindu violence in Bangladesh1989 air battle between Libyan and US aircraftUnrest after the shooting of Clement LloydEvent in Indonesia 1989Bomb attack by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1989hillsborough-disaster-1989