HistoryData
war1959

1954-1959 armed conflict in Oman

January 30, 1959

The Jebel Akhdar War ended Omani interior resistance to Sultan Said bin Taimur, consolidating British-backed control over Oman's oil-rich lands.

Quick Facts

Year
1959
Category
war

Key Facts

Conflict duration
1954–1959
Imamate leader
Imam Ghalib al-Hinai
Sultan of Muscat
Said bin Taimur
Oil consortium funder
Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC)
UN resolutions on Oman
1965, 1966, 1967

Location

Map of OmanMap of OmanOman

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Sultan Said bin Taimur, backed by the British government and financed by the Iraq Petroleum Company, sought to occupy the interior Imamate of Oman to gain access to its oil resources. The elected Imam Ghalib al-Hinai and local Omanis resisted this encroachment, sparking armed conflict beginning in 1954 and reigniting in 1957.

Event

The Imamate forces, later supported by Arab states, fought the Sultanate's British-backed armed forces across the interior of Oman. The conflict culminated in 1959 when British forces directly intervened with air and ground attacks against the Imamate strongholds, decisively turning the war in the Sultanate's favor.

Consequence

The Sultanate won the war, effectively ending the Imamate of Oman as an independent entity. British dominance over Oman—through unequal treaties, cession of the Kuria Muria islands, and control of key ministries—led the United Nations General Assembly to pass resolutions in 1965, 1966, and 1967 calling for an end to British repression and affirming Omani rights to self-determination.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

2 belligerents

Imamate of Oman (Imam Ghalib al-Hinai)Supporting Arab states
Key Commanders

Ghalib al-Hinai.

Side B

2 belligerents

Sultanate of Muscat and OmanBritish Armed Forces
Key Commanders

Said bin Taimur.

Outcome
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman victory, backed by direct British military intervention; Imamate of Oman dissolved

Timeline Context

Timeline around 195919591956195719581960196119621959 Mediterranean Games — 3rd edition of the Mediterranean GamesEuroBasket 1959 — basketball competition1959 FIBA World Championship — 1959 edition of the FIBA World Championship1959–60 European Cup — 5th season of the UEFA club football tournament1959 African Cup of Nations — football tournament1959 Formula One season — sports seasonCuban Revolution — revolution in Cuba culminating in 19591959 South American Championship — football tournament in Ecuador december 1959jebel-akhdar-war-1959