HistoryData
war1534

War between the Kazakh and Bukhara khanates

January 1, 1534

The Kazakh Khanate captured Tashkent from the Khanate of Bukhara in 1534, shifting control of a key Central Asian city.

Quick Facts

Year
1534
Category
war

Key Facts

Kazakh victory year
1534
City contested
Tashkent
Battle of San Tash
1537 — Uzbeks, Moghuls, Nogais defeated Kazakhs
Kazakh sultans killed at San Tash
37
Cities recaptured by Uzbeks
Sawran, Sayram, Sozak, Sighnaq, Turkistan

By the Numbers

1,534
Kazakh victory year
1,537
Battle of San Tash
37
Kazakh sultans killed at San Tash

Location

Map of Tashkent, UzbekistanMap of Tashkent, UzbekistanTashkent, Uzbekistan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Since the 1520s, the Kazakh Khanate was weakened by internal succession struggles. The Nogai Horde, which had lost territory to Kasym Khan, launched a reconquista reclaiming lands and the Kazakh capital, pushing the Kazakhs beyond the Irtysh River. By 1530 the Kazakhs reversed this setback, stabilizing their position and resuming their contest with the Shaybanid-ruled Khanate of Bukhara over the cities of the Syr Darya region.

Event

The Kazakh Khanate fought the Khanate of Bukhara for control of Tashkent and surrounding cities throughout the first half of the 16th century. In 1534 the Kazakhs succeeded in taking Tashkent. Tensions continued, with a Russian diplomatic report of 1536 confirming ongoing Kazakh pressure on Tashkent and local rulers seeking allies against the Kazakhs.

Consequence

In 1537, a coalition of Uzbek, Moghul, and Nogai forces defeated the Kazakhs at the Battle of San Tash, killing 37 Kazakh sultans. Uzbek troops subsequently recaptured the cities of Sawran, Sayram, Sozak, Sighnaq, and Turkistan from Kazakh control, reasserting Shaybanid authority over the northern territories of the Uzbek state.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Kazakh Khanate

Side B

3 belligerents

Khanate of Bukhara (Shaybanids)Nogai HordeMoghulistan
Outcome
Kazakhs captured Tashkent in 1534; coalition forces defeated Kazakhs at San Tash in 1537, recapturing multiple cities.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 153415341531153215331535153615371534 anti-Catholic protest in France16th-century military conflict in AsiaPart of the Ottoman–Safavid War (1532–1555)kazakh-tashkent-war-1534