HistoryData
general1890

Massacre in South Australia

January 1, 1890

One of the deadliest colonial massacres in Australian history, killing up to 500 Aboriginal people and nearly wiping out the Mindiri people.

Quick Facts

Year
1890
Category
general

Key Facts

Estimated death toll
200–500 Aboriginal people killed
Peoples affected
Ngameni, Yawarrawarrka, Yandruwandha, Bugadji
Number of survivors
5
Reported to linguist
1971, by an Arabana elder
Trigger incident
Killing and eating of a bullock by Aboriginal people
Location
Mindiri Hole, near Lake Howitt, far north South Australia

By the Numbers

200
Estimated death toll
5
Number of survivors
1,971
Reported to linguist

Location

Australia

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Colonial police responded to the killing and eating of a bullock by Aboriginal people in far north South Australia. This act, likely driven by subsistence need, was treated as a criminal offence under the colonial order, prompting an armed police response against the local Aboriginal population at Mindiri Hole near Lake Howitt.

Event

Colonial police attacked a large gathering of Aboriginal Australians at Mindiri Hole near Lake Howitt in the 1880s. The assault, part of the broader Australian frontier wars, resulted in the deaths of an estimated 200 to 500 Ngameni, Yawarrawarrka, Yandruwandha, and Bugadji people. Only five individuals survived the massacre.

Consequence

The massacre was never reported by the police and remained largely unknown outside survivors and oral memory. Decades later, one survivor recounted events to an Arabana elder, who in 1971 relayed the account to linguist Luise Hercus. The elder characterised the massacre as 'the end of the Mindiri people', reflecting the near-total destruction of those communities.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 189018901887188818891891189218931890 battle between Babatu and Builsa people1890 in film — overview of film-related events during the year of 1890World Chess Championship 1891 — chess match between Wilheilm Steinitz and Isidor Gunsberg1892-1899 miners' strikes in Idaho, United StatesConvention of CalcuttaLast major engagement of the First Franco-Dahomean WarTreaty of 1890 between Peru and Ecuador1890 British-German treatykoonchera-massacre-1890