The Protestant Revolution ended proprietary Catholic rule in Maryland, transferring control to the Crown and abolishing religious toleration for roughly 25 years.
Key Facts
- Year
- 1689
- Also known as
- Coode's Rebellion
- Crown rule duration
- 25 years following the rebellion
- Trigger event
- Glorious Revolution in England, 1688
- Proprietary governor
- Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore
- Religious outcome
- Catholicism outlawed; Catholics barred from public office
By the Numbers
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
The rebellion was precipitated by the Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England, in which the Catholic King James II was replaced by the Protestant monarchs William III and Mary II. Maryland's Protestant majority, long chafing under the proprietary rule of the Catholic Calvert family, saw an opportunity to align the colony with the new Protestant order in England.
In the summer of 1689, Protestant colonists in the Province of Maryland rose up against the proprietary government of Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore. Led in part by John Coode, the rebels overthrew the Catholic-aligned administration and seized control of the colonial government, ending the Calvert family's direct governance of Maryland.
The Lords Baltimore lost their proprietary charter, and Maryland came under direct Crown rule for approximately 25 years. Religious toleration, which Maryland had pioneered in its early history, was effectively abolished: Catholicism was outlawed and Catholics were prohibited from holding public office. Toleration was not restored until after the American Revolution.
Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis
Side A
1 belligerent
John Coode.
Side B
1 belligerent
Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore.