HistoryData
war645

Siege of Ansi fortress (645 AD): battle between Goguryeo and Tang forces in Ansi (Liaodong, China)

January 1, 0645

The siege of Ansi halted Tang Emperor Taizong's first major campaign against Goguryeo, demonstrating the kingdom's capacity to repel a superior imperial force.

Quick Facts

Year
645
Category
war

Key Facts

Siege duration
~3 months (20 June – 18 September 645)
Goguryeo relief force defeated
150,000 troops
Goguryeo casualties
Over 20,000 killed
Outcome
Tang forces retreated without capturing Ansi
Tang retreat cause
Collapsed rampart, winter, reinforcements, lack of supplies

By the Numbers

3
Siege duration
150,000
Goguryeo relief force defeated
20,000
Goguryeo casualties

Location

Map of Ansi, ChinaMap of Ansi, ChinaAnsi, China

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Tang Emperor Taizong launched the First Goguryeo–Tang War campaign seeking to conquer Goguryeo. Tang forces advanced into the Liaodong Peninsula and, after defeating a Goguryeo relief army of 150,000, moved to besiege the fortress of Ansi, which controlled a key strategic position in the region.

Event

From 20 June to 18 September 645, Tang forces besieged the Ansi fortress. After roughly two months, they constructed a large earthen rampart intended to overtop the walls, but a section collapsed and was seized by the defenders. Combined with the onset of winter, arriving Goguryeo reinforcements, and critical supply shortages, the Tang army was compelled to abandon the siege.

Consequence

The failure to capture Ansi forced the Tang army into retreat, ending the first major imperial campaign against Goguryeo without a decisive victory. Over 20,000 Goguryeo troops perished during the siege, yet the fortress held, checking Tang expansion into the Korean peninsula and prolonging the Goguryeo–Tang conflict.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Tang dynasty

Side B

1 belligerent

Goguryeo
Peak Mobilized Forces~150K
Estimated Casualties~20K
Casualty Rate13.3%
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0CasualtiesMobilized
Total Casualties (all sides)
20,000
Outcome
Goguryeo victory; Tang forces retreated after failing to capture Ansi fortress

Timeline Context

Timeline around 645645642643644646647648siege-of-ansi-645