HistoryData
general1979

Tajbeg Palace assault — 1979 Soviet assassination of Afghan leader Hafizullah Amin

December 27, 1979

Soviet special forces killed Afghan leader Hafizullah Amin, directly triggering the Soviet–Afghan War that lasted nearly a decade.

Quick Facts

Year
1979
Category
general

Key Facts

Date of Operation
27 December 1979
Palace guards killed
30 Afghan palace guards killed
Army guards killed
Over 300 army guards killed
Afghan soldiers captured
1,700 total taken prisoner after surrender
Amin's sons killed
Two sons, aged 11 and 9, died from shrapnel
Successor installed
Babrak Karmal (Parcham faction leader)

By the Numbers

27
Date of Operation
30
Palace guards killed
300
Army guards killed
1,700
Afghan soldiers captured

Location

Map of Kabul, AfghanistanMap of Kabul, AfghanistanKabul, Afghanistan

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Soviet leadership, suspicious that Afghan leader Hafizullah Amin harbored secret contacts with the American embassy and might realign Afghanistan toward the United States, decided to remove him. They coordinated with the PDPA's Parcham faction, which opposed Amin's hardline Khalqist ideology, and moved troops across the Amu Darya and into Afghan airbases in preparation.

Event

On 27 December 1979, Soviet special forces and airborne troops stormed the heavily fortified Tajbeg Palace in Kabul, killing Hafizullah Amin along with palace and army guards. Simultaneously, other government buildings — including the Ministry of Interior Affairs and the General Staff at Darul Aman Palace — were seized, dismantling Amin's Khalqist government in a single coordinated assault.

Consequence

Babrak Karmal, leader of the Parcham faction, was installed as Amin's successor, giving the Soviets a cooperative Afghan government. However, the operation marked the beginning of the Soviet–Afghan War, a protracted conflict lasting nearly a decade that drew widespread international condemnation and ultimately ended in Soviet withdrawal.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 197919791976197719781980198119821979 energy crisis — 1979 petroleum shortage1979 FIFA World Youth Championship — international football competition1979 Cricket World Cup — 1979 World Cup in EnglandEuroBasket 1979 — regional basketball championship1979 Formula One season — sports season1979–80 UEFA Cup — 9th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFAEurovision Song Contest 1979 — 24th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest1979 Copa América — 1979 edition of the Copa América association football competitiontajbeg-palace-assault-1979-soviet-assassination-of-afghan-1979