Ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29, granting Russia territorial gains and opening the Dardanelles while advancing Serbian and Greek autonomy.
Key Facts
- Date signed
- 14 September 1829
- Russian signatory
- Count Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov
- Ottoman signatory
- Abdülkadir Bey
- Key provision
- Dardanelles opened to all commercial vessels
- Autonomy granted to
- Serbia and Greece
- Occupation clause
- Russia to occupy Moldavia and Walachia pending indemnity
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
The Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 broke out as Imperial Russia sought to expand its influence over Ottoman territories around the Black Sea and to support Greek and Serbian aspirations for autonomy. Ongoing tensions over navigation rights through the Dardanelles and Russian ambitions in the Balkans drove the conflict to open warfare.
On 14 September 1829, Count Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov of Russia and Abdülkadir Bey of the Ottoman Empire signed the Treaty of Adrianople in Adrianople, formally concluding the war. The agreement gave Russia access to the mouths of the Danube, new Black Sea territory, and the right for commercial vessels of all nations to pass through the Dardanelles.
The treaty significantly weakened Ottoman control in the Balkans. Serbia gained autonomy, Greece was promised autonomy on a path toward full independence, and Russia was permitted to occupy Moldavia and Walachia until the Ottoman Empire paid a large indemnity, which was later reduced. The outcome accelerated the decline of Ottoman power in southeastern Europe.
Political Outcome
Russia gained Black Sea territory and Danube mouth access; Dardanelles opened to commerce; Serbia and Greece granted autonomy; Russia occupied Moldavia and Walachia pending Ottoman indemnity payment.
Ottoman Empire held dominant position in the Balkans and controlled Black Sea and Dardanelles access.
Russia gained territorial and commercial advantages; Ottoman authority in the Balkans was curtailed with Serbian and Greek autonomy recognized.