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politics1757

1757 treaty of the British East India Company

February 9, 1757

This treaty restored British trading rights in Bengal and set conditions that directly preceded the Battle of Plassey in 1757.

Quick Facts

Year
1757
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date signed
9 February 1757
Signatories
Robert Clive and Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah
Farman referenced
Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar's farman of 1717
Key British privilege
All British goods exempt from duties in Bengal
City name at signing
Alinagar (renamed Calcutta by Nawab)
Outcome for Nawab
Defeated and killed at Battle of Plassey, 1757

By the Numbers

9
Date signed
1,717
Farman referenced
1,757
Outcome for Nawab

Location

Map of Calcutta, IndiaMap of Calcutta, IndiaCalcutta, India

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

The Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, had seized the British fort at Calcutta, renaming the city Alinagar. Facing a simultaneous threat from Afghan forces to his rear and renewed British military pressure under Robert Clive, the Nawab found himself unable to sustain conflict on multiple fronts, compelling him to negotiate.

Event

On 9 February 1757, Robert Clive of the British East India Company and Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah signed the Treaty of Alinagar. The accord obliged the Nawab to honour the Mughal farman of 1717, exempting British goods from duties in Bengal, and permitted the British to fortify Calcutta and mint coins there.

Consequence

The treaty temporarily restored British commercial and military privileges in Bengal. However, it did not produce lasting peace; later that year, Clive and his allies defeated and killed Siraj ud-Daulah at the Battle of Plassey, dramatically expanding British power in the subcontinent and weakening the independent authority of the Nawab of Bengal.

Political Outcome

Outcome

The Nawab restored British trading privileges and permitted British fortification of Calcutta and minting of coins; British East India Company regained its pre-siege rights in Bengal.

Before

Nawab held control of Calcutta after capturing British fort; British trading rights suspended

After

British rights restored under Mughal farman of 1717; British permitted to fortify Calcutta and mint coins

Signatories

Robert Clive
Representative of the British East India Company
Mirza Muhammad Siraj ud-Daulah
Nawab of Bengal

Timeline Context

Timeline around 17571757175417551756175817591760Diplomatic agreement between Austria and France in 1757Battle in March 17571757 historical battle1757 battle which established the British Raj in India1757 military operation1757 naval battle of the Seven Years' War1757-58 armed investment of Stralsund by Prussian forces during the Seven Years' WarBattle of the French and Indian War in 1757treaty-of-alinagar-1757