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politics1761

1761 treaty between Spain and Portugal

January 1, 1761

Nullified the 1750 Treaty of Madrid, reshaping colonial boundaries between Spain and Portugal in South America.

Quick Facts

Year
1761
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date signed
12 February 1761
Parties
Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire
Treaty repealed
Treaty of Madrid (1750)
Preceding conflict
Guarani War of 1756
Spanish monarch
King Charles III (acceded 1759)

By the Numbers

12
Date signed
1,750
Treaty repealed
1,756
Preceding conflict
1,759
Spanish monarch

Location

Map of El Pardo, SpainMap of El Pardo, SpainEl Pardo, Spain

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Practical difficulties in demarcating borders between vast, undeveloped Spanish and Portuguese territories in South America during the 1750s, compounded by the Guarani War of 1756, led King Charles III of Spain—after his 1759 accession—to call for a wholesale revision of colonial treaties with Portugal.

Event

On 12 February 1761, representatives of the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire signed the Treaty of El Pardo, formally annulling every provision of the 1750 Treaty of Madrid and abandoning its framework for dividing South American colonial possessions.

Consequence

By voiding the Treaty of Madrid, the Treaty of El Pardo removed the agreed territorial settlement that had attempted to rationalise Spanish and Portuguese borders in South America, leaving the boundary question unresolved and necessitating future diplomatic negotiations between the two empires.

Political Outcome

Outcome

The Treaty of Madrid (1750) was fully repealed; the colonial boundary framework between Spanish and Portuguese South America was dissolved.

Before

Colonial borders governed by the Treaty of Madrid (1750)

After

Treaty of Madrid nullified; South American borders left undefined pending new agreements

Signatories

Spanish Empire representative
Signatory for Spain
Portuguese Empire representative
Signatory for Portugal

Timeline Context

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