Established the western boundary of Native American lands in northern Ohio, transferring territory for a $1,000 annual annuity paid to seven tribes.
Key Facts
- Date signed
- July 4, 1805
- Annual annuity paid
- $1,000 total ($825 + $175) USD/year
- Boundary shift
- 120 miles west of Pennsylvania boundary
- Tribes party to treaty
- Ottawa, Potawatomi, Chippewa, Wyandot, Munsee, Delaware, Shawnee
- U.S. signatory
- Charles Jouett, federal Indian agent
- Successor to
- Treaty of Greenville
By the Numbers
Location
Cause → Event → Consequence
The Treaty of Greenville had established earlier boundary lines for Native American lands in Ohio using the Tuscarawas and Cuyahoga Rivers as eastern limits. American expansion pressure and the need to open northern Ohio lands, including the Firelands of the Connecticut Western Reserve, required a renegotiation of those boundaries with the resident tribes.
On July 4, 1805, U.S. agent Charles Jouett and representatives of seven Native nations—Ottawa, Potawatomi, Chippewa, Wyandot, Munsee, Delaware, and Shawnee—signed the Treaty of Fort Industry. The agreement moved the eastern boundary of Indian lands westward to a line 120 miles west of the Pennsylvania border, and obligated the United States to pay an annual annuity of $1,000 in perpetuity.
The treaty opened northern Ohio lands, including the Firelands of the Connecticut Western Reserve, to American settlement. The seven signatory tribes received a $1,000 annual annuity divided among them by presidential approval. The cession shifted Native territorial control significantly westward and accelerated Euro-American settlement of the Lake Erie shoreline region.
Political Outcome
Seven Native nations ceded northern Ohio lands west to 120 miles from Pennsylvania's border in exchange for a perpetual annual annuity of $1,000 from the United States.
Native American eastern boundary set at Tuscarawas and Cuyahoga Rivers under Treaty of Greenville
Native boundary moved to a line 120 miles west of Pennsylvania; northern Ohio opened to U.S. settlement