HistoryData
politics1543

1543 treaty between England and Scotland

July 11, 1543

Scotland's rejection of this 1543 Anglo-Scottish marriage treaty triggered eight years of military conflict known as the Rough Wooing.

Quick Facts

Year
1543
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date Signed
1 July 1543
Ratified by Earl of Arran
25 August 1543
Rejected by Scottish Parliament
11 December 1543
Proposed Marriage
Edward VI of England and Mary, Queen of Scots
Resulting Conflict Duration
8 years (Rough Wooing)

By the Numbers

1
Date Signed
25
Ratified by Earl of Arran
11
Rejected by Scottish Parliament
8
Resulting Conflict Duration

Location

Map of Greenwich, EnglandMap of Greenwich, EnglandGreenwich, England

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Henry VIII of England sought to unite the English and Scottish crowns through dynastic marriage, pursuing a plan that would bind Scotland to England politically. Negotiations were conducted with Scottish representatives, and the Earl of Arran, as regent of Scotland, was persuaded to sign and later ratify the accord.

Event

Two agreements signed on 1 July 1543 at Greenwich established peace between England and Scotland and proposed the marriage of the infant Mary, Queen of Scots, to Prince Edward of England. The treaty allowed Scotland to retain its own laws while requiring Mary to be raised partly in England under English supervision until her marriage.

Consequence

The Parliament of Scotland rejected the Treaty of Greenwich on 11 December 1543, nullifying the proposed union. This rejection precipitated eight years of Anglo-Scottish military conflict, known as the Rough Wooing, as Henry VIII attempted by force to compel Scotland to honour the marriage alliance.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Treaty rejected by the Parliament of Scotland on 11 December 1543, leading to the Rough Wooing conflict.

Before

England and Scotland at peace but politically separate

After

Treaty nullified; renewed Anglo-Scottish hostilities over the next eight years

Signatories

Earl of Arran
Regent of Scotland, signatory for Scotland
Representatives of Henry VIII
Signatories for England

Timeline Context

Timeline around 15431543154015411542154415451546Battle between rebels and Swedish troops1543 battle in the Age of castle warstreaty-of-greenwich-1543