HistoryData
politics1918

Provisional agreement between the German Empire and the Democratic Republic of Georgia

May 28, 1918

Georgia's first international treaty, signed two days after independence, established German protection and recognition of the new republic in 1918.

Quick Facts

Year
1918
Category
politics

Key Facts

Date signed
28 May 1918
Days after Georgian independence
2 days
German signatory
General Otto von Lossow
Georgian signatory
Foreign Minister Akaki Chkhenkeli
Signing location
Port of Poti, Black Sea coast
Georgia's treaty rank
First international treaty of the republic

Location

Map of Poti, GeorgiaMap of Poti, GeorgiaPoti, Georgia

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Georgia proclaimed independence on 26 May 1918, amid the collapse of the Transcaucasian Federative Republic and ongoing turmoil following the Russian Revolution. The newly independent state sought immediate external backing to secure its sovereignty against regional threats, turning to Germany as a powerful potential protector.

Event

On 28 May 1918, General Otto von Lossow signed the Treaty of Poti on behalf of the German Empire, and Foreign Minister Akaki Chkhenkeli signed for Georgia. The bilateral agreement committed Germany to recognizing Georgia and extending its protection to the fledgling republic, concluded at the Black Sea port of Poti.

Consequence

The Treaty of Poti became Georgia's first-ever international treaty and placed the republic under German protection at the moment of its founding. This gave Georgia a degree of diplomatic legitimacy and security in its earliest days, linking its initial foreign policy orientation firmly to Imperial Germany in the final months of World War I.

Political Outcome

Outcome

Georgia accepted German protection and received German recognition of its independence under the terms of the agreement.

Before

Georgia was a newly proclaimed independent state with no international recognition or formal alliances.

After

Georgia gained recognition and protection from the German Empire, establishing its first formal international relationship.

Signatories

General Otto von Lossow
Representative of the German Empire
Akaki Chkhenkeli
Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of Georgia

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19181918191519161917191919201921Russian Civil War from 13 to 15, June 19181918 battle of the First World War which was fought in Ottoman Palestine1918 Bolshevik military operation of Petrograd and the Moscow Red Guard to sack the capital of Ukraine1918 First World War battleAllied intervention in the Russian Civil War — 1918 military OperationRice Riots of 1918 — 1918 food riots in Japan1918 armed conflict in Georgia and ArmeniaWave of anti-Jewish rioting and violence in Czechoslovakiatreaty-of-poti-1918