HistoryData
general1924

Zinoviev letter — political forgery, falsely attributed to Grigory Zinoviev

January 1, 1924

A forged letter published days before the 1924 UK election contributed to Labour's defeat and shaped the party's political self-understanding for years.

Quick Facts

Year
1924
Category
general

Key Facts

Publication date
Four days before the 29 October 1924 general election
Publishing outlet
Daily Mail
Purported author
Grigory Zinoviev, head of the Comintern
Election outcome
Conservative landslide; first Labour government fell
Authenticity
Universally regarded by historians as a forgery

Location

Map of London, United KingdomMap of London, United KingdomLondon, United Kingdom

Cause → Event → Consequence

Cause

Tensions over the Labour government's policy of diplomatic and trade normalisation with the Soviet Union created fertile ground for anti-communist sentiment in Britain. Political opponents and right-wing press sought to discredit Labour's foreign policy ahead of the October 1924 general election.

Event

A forged letter, falsely attributed to Comintern head Grigory Zinoviev, was published by the Daily Mail four days before the 1924 UK general election. It purported to instruct the Communist Party of Great Britain to foment sedition, implying Labour's Soviet rapprochement would enable a Bolshevik-style revolution in Britain and across the Empire.

Consequence

The 1924 election produced a strong Conservative victory and the collapse of the first Labour government. Labour supporters blamed the letter for their defeat. Historian A. J. P. Taylor argued that the forgery's deeper damage was encouraging Labourites to attribute their loss to foul play, delaying what he saw as necessary internal party reforms.

Timeline Context

Timeline around 19241924192119221923192519261927Swimming at the 1924 Summer Olympics — swimming events at the Olympics1924 Winter Olympics — 1st Winter Olympics, in Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, FranceDawes Plan — 1924 plan to resolve Germany's World War I reparations1924 Summer Olympics medal table1924 South American Championship — football tournamentFootball at the 1924 Summer Olympics — 1924 edition of the association football tournament during the Olympic Summer GamesAthletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics — 1924, Summer Olympics CompetitionsSpeed skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics — 1924 edition of the speed skating competitions during the Olympic Winter Gameszinoviev-letter-political-forgery-falsely-attributed-to-g-1924