HistoryData
Historical ConflictWestern Approaches

Action of 10 April 1795

A minor 1795 naval skirmish in which British blockade forces intercepted French frigates, capturing two and reinforcing the Brest blockade.

Duration & Scope

1795 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Date
10–11 April 1795
French frigates involved
3 (Gloire, Gentille, Fraternité)
Frigates captured
2 (Gloire, Gentille)
Engagement duration (Astraea vs Gloire)
Just under one hour
British commander
Rear-Admiral John Colpoys

Strategic Narrative Overview

Facing superior British numbers, the three French frigates split up to divide pursuers and attempt escape. HMS Astraea pursued Gloire and, though the vessels were comparable in size, defeated her in a close engagement of just under an hour. HMS Hannibal, a ship of the line, ran down the frigate Gentille by the morning of 11 April; the French captain surrendered immediately, unwilling to fight a hopeless action. The third frigate, Fraternité, escaped successfully.

01 / The Origins

During the French Revolutionary Wars, Britain maintained a sustained naval blockade of the major French base at Brest in Brittany to contain the French fleet and restrict enemy naval operations. In April 1795, a small squadron of French Navy frigates departed and was intercepted by a British battle squadron under Rear-Admiral John Colpoys, which was operating as part of this blockade in the Western Approaches.

03 / The Outcome

Two of the three French frigates, Gloire and Gentille, were captured by British forces. Colpoys' squadron refitted at Portsmouth before returning to their station off Brest. The blockade of Brest remained in place for the remainder of 1795, continuing to constrain French naval movements in the Atlantic.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

French Republic (French Navy)

Side B

1 belligerent

Kingdom of Great Britain (Royal Navy)
Key Commanders

Rear-Admiral John Colpoys.

Outcome
British victory: two French frigates (Gloire, Gentille) captured; Fraternité escaped; Brest blockade maintained

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1795–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1795present1795HMS Astraea vs G…Side B1795HMS Hannibal vs …Side B

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of United KingdomMap of United KingdomUnited Kingdom