HistoryData
Historical ConflictNorth Georgia

Atlanta campaign

The fall of Atlanta in September 1864 boosted Union morale, secured Lincoln's reelection, and opened the path for Sherman's March to the Sea.

Duration & Scope

1864 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Campaign start
May 1864
Atlanta's fall
September 2, 1864
Theater
Western Theater, American Civil War
Primary theater region
Northwest Georgia

Strategic Narrative Overview

Sherman's forces pushed south using repeated flanking maneuvers, forcing Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston to retreat progressively toward Atlanta. In July 1864, Confederate President Jefferson Davis replaced the cautious Johnston with General John B. Hood, who launched a series of aggressive but costly frontal attacks. These assaults failed to repel Sherman, who eventually encircled Atlanta and cut its rail supply lines.

01 / The Origins

By early 1864 the Union sought to break Confederate resistance in the Western Theater by targeting Atlanta, a vital Confederate rail hub and industrial center. Union General William T. Sherman was tasked with advancing from Chattanooga, Tennessee, into Georgia to destroy the Confederate Army of Tennessee and capture Atlanta, depriving the Confederacy of a critical logistical and symbolic asset.

03 / The Outcome

Hood abandoned Atlanta on September 1, 1864, and Union forces occupied the city on September 2. The capture reinvigorated Northern public opinion and bolstered President Lincoln's prospects in the November 1864 election. Atlanta's fall also set the stage for Sherman's subsequent March to the Sea, accelerating the Confederacy's collapse.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

United States (Union)
Key Commanders

William Tecumseh Sherman.

Side B

1 belligerent

Confederate States of America
Key Commanders

Joseph E. Johnston, John B. Hood.

Outcome
Union victory; Atlanta captured September 2, 1864; Hood's army forced to abandon the city

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1864–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1864present1864Battle of Rocky …Side B1864Battle of ResacaInconclusive1864Battle of New Ho…Inconclusive1864Battle of Kennes…Side B1864Battle of Peacht…Allied1864Battle of AtlantaAllied1864Battle of Ezra C…Allied1864Battle of Jonesb…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Atlanta, United StatesMap of Atlanta, United StatesAtlanta, United States