HistoryData
Historical Conflict

Battle of Cabeza de Las Marías

The first military engagements of the Dominican War of Independence, fought in March 1844, saw a small Dominican force routed by a vastly larger Haitian army.

Duration & Scope

1844 ongoing

< 1 year

Key Facts

Dates
13–18 March 1844
Dominican force size
~500 troops
Haitian force size
~10,000 troops
Locations
Cabeza de Las Marías and Las Hicoteas
Part of
Dominican War of Independence (1844–1856)

Strategic Narrative Overview

Between 13 and 18 March 1844, a Dominican force of roughly 500 soldiers from the Army of the South, under General Manuel de Regla Mota, engaged a Haitian army of approximately 10,000 troops commanded by General Souffrand at Cabeza de Las Marías and Las Hicoteas. Vastly outnumbered, the Dominican forces were overwhelmed and routed, retreating toward Azua de Compostela.

01 / The Origins

Following the proclamation of Dominican independence from Haiti on 27 February 1844, the new Dominican Republic faced an immediate military response from Haiti, which had controlled the entire island of Hispaniola since 1822. Haitian authorities dispatched a large southern army to suppress the independence movement, setting the stage for conflict along the southern border near Neyba and Azua de Compostela.

03 / The Outcome

The Dominican troops fled to Azua de Compostela following their defeat, leaving the border region exposed. Despite this early setback, Dominican resistance continued throughout the broader war, which lasted until 1856. The battles underscored the severe disparity in force size that the fledgling Dominican Republic faced in defending its newly declared independence.

Belligerents & Mobilization Analysis

Side A

1 belligerent

Haitian Army
Peak Mobilized Forces~10K
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

General Souffrand.

Side B

1 belligerent

Dominican Army of the South
Peak Mobilized Forces500
Forces vs Casualties ratio
0Mobilized
Key Commanders

General Manuel de Regla Mota.

Outcome
Haitian victory; Dominican forces routed and fled to Azua de Compostela

Kinetic Engagement Axis

Major engagements timeline (1844–present)Timeline of major military engagements plotted chronologically.1844present1844Battle of Cabeza…Allied1844Battle of Las Hi…Allied

Scroll horizontally to view full axis. Events plotted relatively.

Side A victorySide B victoryInconclusiveDecisive / turning point

Location

Map of Neyba / Azua de Compostela, Dominican RepublicMap of Neyba / Azua de Compostela, Dominican RepublicNeyba / Azua de Compostela, Dominican Republic